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arXiv 2409.20184cs.RO
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用于高效且安全的人机协作的自适应碰撞灵敏度

Adaptive Collision Sensitivity for Efficient and Safe Human-Robot Collaboration

Czech Technical University in Prague(布拉格捷克理工大学);Faculty of Electrical Engineering(电气工程学院)

Lukas Rustler, Matej Misar, Matej Hoffmann

AI总结:

本文提出一种基于机器人连杆有效质量动态判断碰撞力的自适应碰撞灵敏度框架,在UR10e、KUKA LBR iiwa机器人实验中,该方法使拾取-放置场景生产力提升超45%,适用于可计算有效质量的机器人。

摘要:

在物理人机协作(HRC)中,机器人操作人员的安全要求由相应的HRC标准(如ISO 10218-2:2025)规定。允许运动机器人与操作人员发生碰撞的模式称为功率与力限制(PFL),该模式会限制允许的接触力。若在机器人整个表面使用相同的固定接触阈值,会导致不必要的生产力损失,因为即使冲击力在限值内,机器人也需要停止。本文提出一种框架,该框架基于为机器人不同部位单独计算的碰撞力,结合各机器人连杆的有效质量(EM)动态实时判断机器人是否应中断运动。我们在带有敏感皮肤(AIRSKIN)用于碰撞检测与隔离的仿真及真实协作机械臂UR10e上进行实验;为证明方法的通用性,我们还在仿真的KUKA LBR iiwa机器人上开展实验,该机器人的碰撞感知依赖关节力矩传感。在包含瞬态和准静态碰撞的模拟拾取-放置场景中,我们表明使用该方法相比标准方法生产力提升超过45%,且该方法适用于任何可计算有效质量(EF)的机器人。

英文摘要:

What is considered safe for a robot operator during physical human-robot collaboration (HRC) is specified in corresponding HRC standards (e.g., ISO 10218-2:2025). The regime that allows collisions between the moving robot and the operator, called Power and Force Limiting (PFL), restricts the permissible contact forces. Using the same fixed contact thresholds on the entire robot surface results unnecessary productivity losses, as the robot needs to stop even when impact forces are within limits. Here we present a framework that decides whether the robot should interrupt motion based on estimated collision force computed individually for different parts of the robot body and dynamically on the fly, based on the Effective Mass (EM) of each robot link. We performed experiments on a simulated and real collaborative robot arm (UR10e) with sensitive skin (AIRSKIN) for collision detection and isolation. To demonstrate the generality of our method, we added experiments on simulated KUKA LBR iiwa robot, where collision sensing draws on joint torque sensing. On a mock pick-and-place scenario with both transient and quasi-static collisions, we show an increase in productivity over 45% from using the standard approach. The method is applicable to any robot for which the EF can be calculated.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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