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arXiv 2409.17352cs.SIcs.SYeess.SY
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论聚类与演化在疫情爆发涌现中的相互作用

On the Interplay of Clustering and Evolution in the Emergence of Epidemic Outbreaks

Mansi Sood, Hejin Gu, Rashad Eletreby, Swarun Kumar, Chai Wah Wu, Osman Yagan

AI总结:

本研究首次提出数学框架,在具有可调聚类和任意度分布的随机图上,共同分析网络聚类与传染病变异演化对疫情爆发涌现的影响,并通过数值模拟验证了聚类的作用。

摘要:

在一个日益互联的世界中,一个关键的科学挑战是研究导致传染病(如错误信息和病原体)广泛传播的机制,并识别可能引发大规模爆发的风险因素。疾病传播与错误信息疫情共同的基础是传染病在传播过程中的演化,从而导致不同毒株的出现,例如通过病原体的基因突变和信息内容的改变。最近的研究表明,未考虑循环传染病的不同毒株相关传播风险异质性的模型会导致不准确的预测。然而,现有的关于多毒株传播的结果假设网络的聚类系数趋近于零,而聚类被广泛认为是现实世界社交网络的基本属性。在这项工作中,我们研究了在具有可调聚类和任意度分布的随机图上涉及演化适应的传播过程。我们推导出一个数学框架,用于量化在传播过程中演化的传染病的流行病学特征,其中底层网络的结构由单边和三角形的任意联合度分布给出。据我们所知,我们的工作首次共同分析了聚类和演化对疫情爆发涌现的影响。我们通过数值模拟和案例研究补充了理论发现,阐明了聚类对传染病传播的影响。

英文摘要:

In an increasingly interconnected world, a key scientific challenge is to examine mechanisms that lead to the widespread propagation of contagions, such as misinformation and pathogens, and identify risk factors that can trigger large-scale outbreaks. Underlying both the spread of disease and misinformation epidemics is the evolution of the contagion as it propagates, leading to the emergence of different strains, e.g., through genetic mutations in pathogens and alterations in the information content. Recent studies have revealed that models that do not account for heterogeneity in transmission risks associated with different strains of the circulating contagion can lead to inaccurate predictions. However, existing results on multi-strain spreading assume that the network has a vanishingly small clustering coefficient, whereas clustering is widely known to be a fundamental property of real-world social networks. In this work, we investigate spreading processes that entail evolutionary adaptations on random graphs with tunable clustering and arbitrary degree distributions. We derive a mathematical framework to quantify the epidemic characteristics of a contagion that evolves as it spreads, with the structure of the underlying network as given via arbitrary {\em joint} degree distributions of single-edges and triangles. To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first to jointly analyze the impact of clustering and evolution on the emergence of epidemic outbreaks. We supplement our theoretical finding with numerical simulations and case studies, shedding light on the impact of clustering on contagion spread.

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