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arXiv 2409.16752cond-mat.mes-hall
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范德华异质结构的界面工程:面向高温下运行的节能量子器件

Interface engineering of van der Waals heterostructures towards energy-efficient quantum devices operating at high temperatures

Manh-Ha Doan, Peter Bøggild

AI总结:

本综述总结范德华异质结构中涌现量子现象(如负微分电阻、约瑟夫森隧穿等)的研究进展,并探讨通过界面工程实现高温节能量子器件及马约拉纳零模的途径。

摘要:

量子器件依靠量子力学效应运行,与传统器件相比,可能具有尺寸更小、速度更快和能效更高等优势。然而,量子现象通常仅在低温下才能观察到,这限制了其实际应用。二维材料及其范德华(vdW)异质结构由于具有强库仑相互作用和/或自旋轨道耦合,为高温量子器件提供了有前景的平台。在这篇综述中,我们总结了基于层间隧穿以及带电粒子和自旋耦合的vdW异质结构中涌现量子现象的最新研究,包括负微分电阻、约瑟夫森隧穿、激子凝聚和拓扑超导。这些是节能器件(包括隧穿场效应晶体管、拓扑/超导晶体管和量子计算机)的底层机制。vdW层状材料内的自然同质结提供了清洁的界面和完美对齐的结构,以增强层间耦合。小角度扭转双层也可能产生新的量子效应。此外,我们重点介绍了若干为实现高温马约拉纳零模而提出的结构,这些零模是拓扑量子计算的关键要素。本综述对从事vdW异质结构界面工程、旨在实现液氮温度以上运行的节能量子器件的研究人员具有参考价值。

英文摘要:

Quantum devices, which rely on quantum mechanical effects for their operation, may offer advantages, such as reduced dimensions, increased speed, and energy efficiency, compared to conventional devices. However, quantum phenomena are typically observed only at cryogenic temperatures, which limits their practical applications. Two-dimensional materials and their van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures provide a promising platform for high-temperature quantum devices owing to their strong Coulomb interactions and/or spin-orbit coupling. In this review, we summarise recent research on emergent quantum phenomena in vdW heterostructures based on interlayer tunnelling and the coupling of charged particles and spins, including negative differential resistance, Josephson tunnelling, exciton condensation, and topological superconductivity. These are the underlying mechanisms of energy-efficient devices, including tunnel field-effect transistors, topological/superconducting transistors, and quantum computers. The natural homojunction within vdW layered materials offers clean interfaces and perfectly aligned structures for enhanced interlayer coupling. Twisted bilayers with small angles may also give rise to novel quantum effects. In addition, we highlight several proposed structures for achieving high-temperature Majorana zero modes, which are critical elements of topological quantum computing. This review is helpful for researchers working on interface engineering of vdW heterostructures towards energy-efficient quantum devices operating above the liquid nitrogen temperature.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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