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arXiv 2409.08545quant-phcond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.str-el
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在量子设备上模拟准粒子

Simulating a quasiparticle on a quantum device

Rimika Jaiswal, Izabella Lovas, Leon Balents

AI总结:

本文提出一种扩展变分量子本征求解器的变分方法,利用对称性构建编码全激发能带信息的局域准粒子态,经一维横场伊辛链模拟验证其能捕捉磁振子与畴壁激发,为量子模拟器研究强相互作用系统准粒子提供理论支撑。

摘要:

受利用近期噪声中等规模量子设备进行量子态制备的潜力启发,我们提出一种变分方法来探索相互作用量子多体系统中的准粒子激发。通过利用平移不变性以及多体哈密顿量可能存在的其他阿贝尔对称性,我们扩展了变分量子本征求解器(VQE)方法,以构建空间局域化的准粒子态,这些态编码了整个激发能带的信息,从而实现量子并行性。我们通过在一维横场伊辛链上进行的数值模拟对所提算法进行基准测试。结果表明,VQE既能捕捉顺磁相的磁振子准粒子,也能捕捉铁磁区拓扑非平庸的畴壁激发。此外,VQE构建的局域准粒子态包含全准粒子能带的可访问信息,为相互作用如何重整化模型简单可解极限下的裸自旋翻转或畴壁激发提供了有价值的见解。这些结果为利用量子模拟器直接访问强相互作用量子系统的准粒子,以及深入了解由这些准粒子性质直接决定的关键实验测量特性提供了重要的理论输入。

英文摘要:

We propose a variational approach to explore quasiparticle excitations in interacting quantum many-body systems, motivated by the potential in leveraging near-term noisy intermediate scale quantum devices for quantum state preparation. By exploiting translation invariance and potentially other abelian symmetries of the many-body Hamiltonian, we extend the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) approach to construct spatially localized quasiparticle states that encode information on the whole excited band, allowing us to achieve quantum parallelism. We benchmark the proposed algorithm via numerical simulations performed on the one-dimension transverse field Ising chain. We show that VQE can capture both the magnon quasiparticles of the paramagnetic phase, and the topologically non-trivial domain wall excitations in the ferromagnetic regime. We show that the localized quasiparticle states constructed with VQE contain accessible information on the full band of quasiparticles, and provide valuable insight into the way interactions renormalize the bare spin flip or domain wall excitations of the simple, trivially solvable limits of the model. These results serve as important theoretical input towards utilizing quantum simulators to directly access the quasiparticles of strongly interacting quantum systems, as well as to gain insight into crucial experimentally measured properties directly determined by the nature of these quasiparticles.

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