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arXiv 2409.08080eess.SP
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全息MIMO通信中信道矩阵的电磁归一化

Electromagnetic Normalization of Channel Matrix for Holographic MIMO Communications

Shuai S. A. Yuan, Li Wei, Xiaoming Chen, Chongwen Huang, Wei E. I. Sha

备注：
in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2025
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AI总结：

本文针对全息MIMO通信中传统信道矩阵归一化方法无法适应新型阵列拓扑的问题，提出了基于解析、物理和全波阵列增益的电磁归一化方法及近场并矢格林函数归一化方法，并通过容量分析验证了准确归一化对系统性能评估和优化设计的重要性。

摘要：

全息多输入多输出（MIMO）通信引入了创新的天线阵列配置，如密集阵列和体积阵列，与传统的半波长阵元间距平面阵列相比具有显著优势。然而，准确评估这些新型全息MIMO系统的性能需要仔细考虑信道矩阵归一化，因为它受到阵列增益的影响，而阵列增益又取决于阵列拓扑结构。传统的归一化方法可能不足以评估这些先进的阵列拓扑结构，可能导致误导性或不准确的评估。在本研究中，我们提出了适用于任意阵列拓扑结构的信道矩阵电磁归一化方法，借鉴了解析法、物理法和全波法得到的阵列增益。此外，我们基于严格的并矢格林函数方法引入了一种近场MIMO信道的归一化方法，该方法考虑了近场处潜在的增益损失。最后，我们采用所提出的归一化技术，在准静态、遍历和近场条件下进行了容量分析。我们的研究结果表明，信道矩阵归一化应反映天线阵列在目标方向上的实际实现增益。未能准确归一化信道矩阵可能导致在评估非常规全息阵列拓扑结构的性能极限和优势时产生误差，从而可能损害全息MIMO系统的优化设计。

英文摘要：

Holographic multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) communications introduce innovative antenna array configurations, such as dense arrays and volumetric arrays, which offer notable advantages over conventional planar arrays with half-wavelength element spacing. However, accurately assessing the performance of these new holographic MIMO systems necessitates careful consideration of channel matrix normalization, as it is influenced by array gain, which, in turn, depends on the array topology. Traditional normalization methods may be insufficient for assessing these advanced array topologies, potentially resulting in misleading or inaccurate evaluations. In this study, we propose electromagnetic normalization approaches for the channel matrix that accommodate arbitrary array topologies, drawing on the array gains from analytical, physical, and full-wave methods. Additionally, we introduce a normalization method for near-field MIMO channels based on a rigorous dyadic Green's function approach, which accounts for potential losses of gain at near field. Finally, we perform capacity analyses under quasi-static, ergodic, and near-field conditions, through adopting the proposed normalization techniques. Our findings indicate that channel matrix normalization should reflect the realized gains of the antenna array in target directions. Failing to accurately normalize the channel matrix can result in errors when evaluating the performance limits and benefits of unconventional holographic array topologies, potentially compromising the optimal design of holographic MIMO systems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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