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arXiv 2409.07587cs.CR
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探索用于恶意软件检测的大语言模型:综述、框架设计与对抗方法

Exploring LLMs for Malware Detection: Review, Framework Design, and Countermeasure Approaches

Jamal Al-Karaki, Muhammad Al-Zafar Khan, Marwan Omar

AI总结:

针对LLMs被用于生成传播恶意软件的网络安全挑战,本文综述了LLMs在恶意软件检测中的五类应用,提出了性能评估指标、风险缓解框架,并验证了策略有效性,给出了未来研究方向。

摘要:

大语言模型(Large Language Models, LLMs)在恶意软件生成与传播中的应用日益广泛,由于其能够轻松生成并分发攻击手段,给网络安全带来了严峻挑战——仅需一条提示词即可触发多种多样的恶意活动。本文通过多维度方法应对这一关键问题。首先,本文从多来源角度全面梳理了LLMs及其在恶意软件检测中的作用,考察了LLMs的五类具体应用场景:恶意软件蜜罐、文本类威胁识别、用于检测恶意意图的代码分析、恶意软件趋势分析,以及非标准伪装恶意软件检测。本综述包含对现有文献的详细分析,并确立了LLMs安全使用的指导原则,同时提出了一种对相关文献进行分类的方案。其次,本文提出了用于评估LLMs在上述场景中有效性的性能指标。第三,本文提出了一个利用LLMs防范恶意软件的风险缓解框架。最后,本文针对多种因素评估了所提出的风险缓解策略的性能,证明了其在对抗LLM赋能的恶意软件方面的有效性。本文最后还提出了这一引人关注的人工智能领域的未来发展方向与有待深入探索的研究方向。

英文摘要:

The rising use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to create and disseminate malware poses a significant cybersecurity challenge due to their ability to generate and distribute attacks with ease. A single prompt can initiate a wide array of malicious activities. This paper addresses this critical issue through a multifaceted approach. First, we provide a comprehensive overview of LLMs and their role in malware detection from diverse sources. We examine five specific applications of LLMs: Malware honeypots, identification of text-based threats, code analysis for detecting malicious intent, trend analysis of malware, and detection of non-standard disguised malware. Our review includes a detailed analysis of the existing literature and establishes guiding principles for the secure use of LLMs. We also introduce a classification scheme to categorize the relevant literature. Second, we propose performance metrics to assess the effectiveness of LLMs in these contexts. Third, we present a risk mitigation framework designed to prevent malware by leveraging LLMs. Finally, we evaluate the performance of our proposed risk mitigation strategies against various factors and demonstrate their effectiveness in countering LLM-enabled malware. The paper concludes by suggesting future advancements and areas requiring deeper exploration in this fascinating field of artificial intelligence.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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