Kavli-IAU全球协调研讨会报告：《从远红外到毫米波波长探测宇宙：未来设施及其协同效应》
Report of the Kavli-IAU Workshop on Global Coordination, "Probing the Universe from far-infrared to millimeter wavelengths: future facilities and their synergies"
AI总结：
本报告总结2024年Kavli-IAU远红外到毫米波探测研讨会成果，明确2030年后该波段设施的需求与协同方向，针对ALMA、ngVLA等设施及远红外观测提出发展建议，助力恒星、星系等多领域研究。
摘要：
本报告总结了2024年3月26日至28日在美国加利福尼亚州帕萨迪纳举办的Kavli-IAU“从远红外到毫米波波长探测宇宙：未来设施及其协同效应”研讨会的成果与建议。研讨会旨在明确2030年后波长范围30μm至数厘米的各类设施的需求与潜在协同效应，同时考量资金与项目规划层面的限制，探索如何在未来数十年最大化这些设施产出数据的科学价值。\n该波长范围为研究相对冷密的星际物质提供了独特的探测手段，这类物质是研究新生恒星、原行星盘和正在形成的年轻系外行星的物理与化学性质的核心。在更大尺度上，这些设施可探测星系内部以及被高度遮蔽的吸积超大质量黑洞周围的尘埃与致密气体，因此对于表征反馈过程以及最高红移处的星系演化至关重要。研讨会还涉及了太阳系与时域研究领域。\n主要建议包括：ALMA（阿塔卡马大型毫米/亚毫米波阵）需制定ALMA2040愿景；ngVLA（下一代甚大阵）需保持推进势头与日程安排，并进一步拓展国际合作；远红外天文学领域需紧迫推进天基天文台的建设；大口径、大视场毫米/亚毫米波望远镜需继续开展研究以推动科学与技术成熟。
英文摘要：
This Report summarizes findings and recommendations from the Kavli-IAU workshop on "Probing the Universe from far-infrared to millimeter wavelengths: future facilities and their synergies" which took place from 26 to 28 March 2024 in Pasadena, CA, USA. The workshop aimed to define the needs and potential synergies for different facilities at wavelengths from 30 μm to a few cm in the post-2030 era, considering both financial and programmatic limitations and exploring how to maximize the scientific insights from the data they will yield in the coming decades. This wavelength range provides unique probes of relatively cool, dense interstellar material central to studying the physics and chemistry of nascent stars, proton-planetary disks, and young forming exoplanets. On larger scales, these facilities probe dust and dense gas in galaxies and around highly obscured accreting supermassive black holes and are thus essential for characterizing feedback processes and galaxy evolution out to the highest redshifts. Solar system and time domain studies are also addressed. The main recommendations include the need for ALMA to develop an ALMA2040 vision; for ngVLA to maintain its momentum and schedule and further develop international partnerships; for far-IR astronomy to pursue a space-based observatory with urgency; and for large aperture, wide field millimeter/submillimeter telescopes to continue studies to mature science and technology.
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