两两交换排列的 $\ell$-元组的 Bessenrodt–Ono 不等式
Bessenrodt--Ono inequalities for $\ell$-tuples of pairwise commuting permutations
AI总结:
本文研究计数两两交换排列 $\ell$-元组的 $N_\ell(n)$,证明 Bessenrodt–Ono 差量 $\Delta_{a,b}^\ell$ 的符号随 $\ell$ 稳定,并给出每种情形的显式界。
摘要:
令 $S_n$ 表示对称群。我们考虑\n\begin{equation*}\nN_{\ell}(n) := \frac{\left|Hom\left( \mathbb{Z}^{\ell},S_n\right)\right|}{n!}\n\end{equation*}\n它也计数满足对 $1 \leq i,j \leq \ell$ 有 $\pi_i \pi_j = \pi_j \pi_i$ 的 $\ell$-元组 $\pi=(\pi_1,\ldots,\pi_\ell)\in S_n^{\ell}$ 的数量,再按 $n!$ 缩放。Dey、Wohlfahrt、Bryman 与 Fulman,以及 White 已发现一个递归公式、生成函数和 Euler 乘积。令 $a,b,\ell\geq 2$。Bringman、Franke 和 Heim 已知,Bessenrodt–Ono 不等式\n\begin{equation*}\n\Delta_{a,b}^{\ell}:= N_{\ell}(a)\\,N_{\ell}(b)-N_{\ell}(a+b)>0\n\end{equation*}\n对 $a,b\gg 1$ 成立;而 Bessenrodt 和 Ono 证明它在 $\ell=2$ 且 $a+b>9$ 时成立。本文证明,对于每一对 $(a,b)$,序列 $\{\Delta_{a,b}^{\ell}\\_\ell$ 的符号趋于稳定。在每种情形下,我们都给出显式界。Bryan 和 Fulman 已将数 $N_{\ell}(n)$ 识别为第 $n$ 个 orbifold 特征数,推广了 Macdonald 以及 Hirzebruch–Höfer 关于对称积的普通 Euler 特征数和弦论 Euler 特征数的工作,其中 $N_2(n)=p(n)$ 表示分拆函数。
英文摘要:
Let $S_n$ denote the symmetric group. We consider \begin{equation*} N_{\ell}(n) := \frac{\left\vert Hom\left( \mathbb{Z}^{\ell},S_n\right) \right\vert}{n!} \end{equation*} which also counts the number of $\ell$-tuples $π=\left( π_1, \ldots, π_{\ell}\right) \in S_n^{\ell}$ with $π_i π_j = π_j π_i$ for $1 \leq i,j \leq \ell$ scaled by $n!$. A recursion formula, generating function, and Euler product have been discovered by Dey, Wohlfahrt, Bryman and Fulman, and White. Let $a,b, \ell \geq 2$. It is known by Bringman, Franke, and Heim, that the Bessenrodt--Ono inequality \begin{equation*} Δ_{a,b}^{\ell}:= N_{\ell}(a) \, N_{\ell}(b) - N_{\ell}(a+b) >0 \end{equation*} is valid for $a,b \gg 1$ and by Bessenrodt and Ono that it is valid for $\ell =2$ and $a+b >9$. In this paper we prove that for each pair $(a,b)$ the sign of $\{Δ_{a,b}^{\ell} \}_{\ell}$ is getting stable. In each case we provide an explicit bound. The numbers $N_{\ell}\left( n\right) $ had been identified by Bryan and Fulman as the $n$-th orbifold characteristics, generalizing work by Macdonald and Hirzebruch--Höfer concerning the ordinary and string-theoretic Euler characteristics of symmetric products, where $N_2(n)=p(n) $ represents the partition function.
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