cogsworth：结合双星演化和星系动力学的COSMIC比例盛会
cogsworth: A Gala of COSMIC proportions combining binary stellar evolution and galactic dynamics
AI总结：
cogsworth是一个开源Python工具，结合双星种群合成与星系动力学模拟，支持快速恒星演化、轨道积分及观测转换，并通过多种用例验证其能力，旨在为双星演化研究提供强大且易用的资源。
摘要：
我们介绍了cogsworth，一个用于生成自洽的种群合成和星系动力学模拟的开源Python工具。使用cogsworth，用户可以（1）对双星种群和恒星形成历史进行采样，（2）执行快速（双星）恒星演化，（3）在星系中积分轨道，以及（4）检查每颗恒星或致密天体的完整演化历史，以及它们的位置和运动学。我们包含了将流体动力学放大模拟作为星系势和恒星形成历史基础的后处理功能，以更好地考虑初始空间恒星聚集和更复杂的势。另外，对于势和恒星形成历史，也有几种解析模型可用。cogsworth可以通过联合应用尘埃图、热改正函数和巡天选择函数，将内在模拟种群转换为观测种群。我们详细解释了cogsworth的功能，并通过一系列用例展示了其能力：（1）我们预测了矮星系和类银河系中致密天体和逃逸恒星的空间分布，（2）使用来自流体动力学模拟的星团，我们展示了超新星如何以多种方式改变恒星的轨道，（3）我们预测了被瓦解的双星伴星在天空中的分离，并创建了合成的盖亚颜色-星等图。我们还讨论了当前的一些局限性和未来发展的计划。我们设计了cogsworth及其在线文档，以提供一个用于约束双星演化的强大工具，同时也为整个社区提供灵活且易于访问的资源。
英文摘要：
We present cogsworth, an open-source Python tool for producing self-consistent population synthesis and galactic dynamics simulations. With cogsworth one can (1) sample a population of binaries and star formation history, (2) perform rapid (binary) stellar evolution, (3) integrate orbits through the galaxy and (4) inspect the full evolutionary history of each star or compact object, as well as their positions and kinematics. We include the functionality for post-processing hydrodynamical zoom-in simulations as a basis for galactic potentials and star formation histories to better account for initial spatial stellar clustering and more complex potentials. Alternatively, several analytic models are available for both the potential and star formation history. cogsworth can transform the intrinsic simulated population to an observed population through the joint application of dust maps, bolometric correction functions and survey selection functions. We provide a detailed explanation of the functionality of cogsworth and demonstrate its capabilities through a series of use cases: (1) We predict the spatial distribution of compact objects and runaways in both dwarf and Milky-Way-like galaxies, (2) using a star cluster from a hydrodynamical simulation, we show how supernovae can change the orbits of stars in several ways, and (3) we predict the separation of disrupted binary stellar companions on the sky and create a synthetic Gaia colour-magnitude diagram. We also discuss some current limitations and plans for future developments. We designed cogsworth and its online documentation to provide a powerful tool for constraining binary evolution, but also a flexible and accessible resource for the entire community.
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