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arXiv 2003.02848astro-ph.GA
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旋涡星系中局部到全局恒星形成的耦合:差异旋转的影响

Coupling local to global star formation in spiral galaxies: the effect of differential rotation

Charles Aouad, Philip James, Igor Chilingarian

摘要:

恒星的形成是塑造星系的关键因素之一。这一过程可以从单个巨分子云的小“局部”尺度和“全球”星系范围尺度(如肯尼库特-施密特定律)的模拟和观测中得到较好的理解。然而,人们仍然不知道如何将全球恒星形成尺度与局部恒星形成尺度联系起来,以及这种联系是否完全可能。在这里,我们分析了空间分辨运动学和恒星形成率密度$Σ_{SFR}$的17个附近的旋涡星系的组合样本使用我们自己的光学观测H $α$ 9星系和中性氢射电观测结合多波长光谱能量分布分析的8个星系的东西项目。我们表明,在几百秒差距的尺度上的螺旋星系的方位角平均归一化的恒星形成率密度是成比例的巨大的分子云碰撞的动能由于星系盘的差异旋转。该能量是使用两个奥尔特参数A和B作为$\log (Σ_{SFR} / SFR_{tot}) \propto \log[2 A^2+ 5 B^2]$从旋转曲线计算的。碰撞的总动能由与A成比例的切变速度和与涡度B成比例的云的旋转能定义。因此,切变并不是云坍缩的稳定因素,因此减少了恒星的形成,而是通过增加碰撞的动能来增加恒星的形成。这个结果可以作为一个工具,通过它,人们可以预测的径向分布的恒星形成的表面密度只使用一个旋转曲线。

英文摘要:

Star formation is one of the key factors that shapes galaxies. This process is relatively well understood from both simulations and observations on a small "local" scale of individual giant molecular clouds and also on a "global" galaxy-wide scale (e.g. the Kennicutt-Schmidt law). However, there is still no understanding on how to connect global to local star formation scales and whether this connection is at all possible. Here we analyze spatially resolved kinematics and the star formation rate density $Σ_{SFR}$ for a combined sample of 17 nearby spiral galaxies obtained using our own optical observations in H$α$ for 9 galaxies and neutral hydrogen radio observations combined with a multi-wavelength spectral energy distribution analysis for 8 galaxies from the THINGS project. We show that the azimuthally averaged normalized star formation rate density in spiral galaxies on a scale of a few hundred parsecs is proportional to the kinetic energy of giant molecular cloud collisions due to differential rotation of the galactic disc. This energy is calculated from the rotation curve using the two Oort parameters A and B as $\log (Σ_{SFR} / SFR_{tot}) \propto \log[2 A^2+ 5 B^2]$. The total kinetic energy of collision is defined by the shear velocity that is proportional to A and the rotational energy of a cloud proportional to the vorticity B. Hence, shear does not act as a stabilizing factor for the cloud collapse thus reducing star formation but rather increases it by boosting the kinetic energy of collisions. This result can be a tool through which one can predict a radial distribution of star formation surface density using only a rotation curve.

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