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arXiv 2409.02527astro-ph.IMastro-ph.HE
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一种用于 IACTs 扩展伽马射线结构探测的背景估计技术

A background-estimation technique for the detection of extended gamma-ray structures with IACTs

Tina Wach, Alison Mitchell, Lars Mohrmann

AI总结:

针对IACTs在缺乏无源区域时难以分析扩展伽马射线结构的问题,提出一种通过匹配观测估计三维背景模型归一化的方法,利用Gammapy和H.E.S.S.数据验证了其有效性与参数兼容性。

摘要:

估计宇宙射线诱导的背景事件数量是成像大气切伦科夫望远镜(IACTs)面临的一项具有挑战性的任务。大多数方法依赖于从档案观测中导出的背景信号模型,然后利用观测中的无发射区域将其归一化到感兴趣区域(ROI)及相应的观测条件。然而,这对于分析大型、扩展的 $γ$ 射线结构是不利的,因为无法找到足够的无源区域。我们旨在通过从单独的、匹配的无发射天空区域观测中估计三维背景模型模板的归一化来解决这一问题。因此,观测视场中存在无发射区域的需求变得不再必要。为此,我们实现了一种算法,用于识别观测条件尽可能接近的观测对。开源分析包 Gammapy 被用于估计背景率,从而促进了该框架向多种 $γ$ 射线探测设施的平滑适配。高能立体视野系统(H.E.S.S.)的公开数据被用于验证该方法。分析表明,采用这种运行匹配方法估计的背景率所得到的结果,与使用背景模型模板的标准应用所获得的结果一致。此外,确认了通过该方法获得的源参数与先前出版物以及采用背景模型模板方法的分析结果相兼容,同时估计了该方法引入的统计和系统不确定性。

英文摘要:

Estimation of the amount of cosmic-ray induced background events is a challenging task for Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). Most approaches rely on a model of the background signal derived from archival observations, which is then normalised to the region of interest (ROI) and respective observation conditions using emission-free regions in the observation.This is, however, disadvantageous for the analysis of large, extended $γ$-ray structures, where no sufficient source free region can be found. We aim to address this issue by estimating the normalisation of a 3-dimensional background model template from separate, matched observations of emission-free sky regions. As a result, the need for a emission-free region in the field of view of the observation becomes unnecessary. For this purpose, we implement an algorithm to identify observation pairs with as close as possible observation conditions. The open-source analysis package Gammapy is utilized for estimating the background rate, facilitating seamless adaptation of the framework to many $γ$-ray detection facilities. Public data from the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) is employed to validate this methodology. The analysis demonstrates that employing a background rate estimated through this run-matching approach yields results consistent with those obtained using the standard application of the background model template. Furthermore, the compatibility of the source parameters obtained through this approach with previous publications and an analysis employing the background model template approach is confirmed, along with an estimation of the statistical and systematic uncertainties introduced by this method.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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