arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
北美退伍军人节(Veterans Day),12 日无更新
arXiv 2409.02157astro-ph.EPastro-ph.SR
收藏

一颗地球质量行星和一颗褐矮星围绕白矮星运行

An Earth-Mass Planet and a Brown Dwarf in Orbit Around a White Dwarf

Keming Zhang, Weicheng Zang, Kareem El-Badry, Jessica R. Lu, Joshua S. Bloom, Eric Agol, B. Scott Gaudi, Quinn Konopacky, Natalie LeBaron, Shude Mao, Sean Terry

AI总结:

本文通过微引力透镜事件KMT-2020-BLG-0414发现一颗白矮星周围存在一颗1.9倍地球质量行星和一颗褐矮星伴星,并推测该行星最初轨道接近1 au,为地球远期存续提供线索。

摘要:

理论上认为,诞生于1-3 AU以外的类地行星能够避免在其宿主恒星的红巨星阶段被吞没。然而,迄今为止只在白矮星(WD)——红巨星遗留下来的最终产物——周围观测到少数几颗气态巨行星。在此,我们报告证据表明,产生微引力透镜事件KMT-2020-BLG-0414的透镜系统由一颗白矮星、一颗围绕其运行的地球质量行星和一颗褐矮星(BD)伴星组成,这一结论得到了Keck自适应光学(AO)对透镜通量未检出的支持。根据微引力透镜轨道运动约束,我们确定该行星是一颗质量为$1.9\pm0.2$地球质量($M_\oplus$)的行星,在事件期间与白矮星的物理间距为$2.1\pm0.2$ au。通过考虑该系统的演化历史,我们确定褐矮星伴星与白矮星的投影间距为22 au,并排除了将褐矮星置于0.2 au处的替代模型。考虑到宿主恒星最终演化阶段期间行星轨道的扩张,这颗地球质量行星可能最初存在于接近1 au的轨道上,从而为遥远未来地球可能存续的情景提供了一瞥。

英文摘要:

Terrestrial planets born beyond 1-3 AU have been theorized to avoid being engulfed during the red-giant phases of their host stars. Nevertheless, only a few gas-giant planets have been observed around white dwarfs (WDs) -- the end product left behind by a red giant. Here we report on evidence that the lens system that produced the microlensing event KMT-2020-BLG-0414 is composed of a WD orbited by an Earth-mass planet and a brown dwarf (BD) companion, as shown by the non-detection of the lens flux using Keck Adaptive Optics (AO). From microlensing orbital motion constraints, we determine the planet to be a $1.9\pm0.2$ Earth-mass ($M_\oplus$) planet at a physical separation of $2.1\pm0.2$ au from the WD during the event. By considering the system evolutionary history, we determine the BD companion to have a projected separation of 22 au from the WD, and reject an alternative model that places the BD at 0.2 au. Given planetary orbital expansion during the final evolutionary stages of the host star, this Earth-mass planet may have existed in an initial orbit close to 1 au, thereby offering a glimpse into the possible survival of planet Earth in the distant future.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑