arXiv 2409.019652024-09-08cs.ITeess.SPmath.IT

利用六维可移动天线（6DMA）进行无线感知

Exploiting Six-Dimensional Movable Antenna (6DMA) for Wireless Sensing

Xiaodan Shao, Rui Zhang, Robert Schober

备注：: 5 figures

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AI总结：

本文在基站部署6DMA，通过联合优化天线三维位置与旋转最小化DoA估计CRB，并设计高效非凸优化算法，显著提升无线感知精度。

摘要：

六维可移动天线（6DMA）是一项新兴技术，能够通过控制发射机/接收机处分布式天线/天线面的三维位置和三维旋转，充分利用无线信道的空间变化。在本文中，我们在基站（BS）处应用6DMA，以增强其在给定区域集合上的无线感知性能。为此，我们首先将每个区域划分为若干等大小的子区域，并在每个子区域内选择一个典型目标位置。随后，我们推导了用于估计来自所有区域中这些典型目标位置的到达方向（DoA）的Cramer-Rao界（CRB）表达式，该表达式从功率增益和几何增益方面揭示了6DMA增强系统的感知性能。接下来，在实际运动约束下，我们通过联合优化BS处所有6DMA的位置和旋转来最小化DoA估计的CRB，并提出一种高效算法，以次优方式求解由此产生的非凸优化问题。最后，仿真结果表明，对于各向同性和定向天线辐射方向图，与各种基准方案相比，所提出的6DMA感知方案在DoA估计精度方面实现了显著提升。

英文摘要：

Six-dimensional movable antenna (6DMA) is an emerging technology that is able to fully exploit the spatial variation of wireless channels by controlling the 3D positions and 3D rotations of distributed antennas/antenna surfaces at the transmitter/receiver. In this letter, we apply 6DMA at the base station (BS) to enhance its wireless sensing performance over a given set of regions. To this end, we first divide each region into a number of equal-size subregions and select one typical target location within each subregion. Then, we derive an expression for the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) for estimating the directions of arrival (DoAs) from these typical target locations in all regions, which sheds light on the sensing performance of 6DMA enhanced systems in terms of a power gain and a geometric gain. Next, we minimize the CRB for DoA estimation via jointly optimizing the positions and rotations of all 6DMAs at the BS, subject to practical movement constraints, and propose an efficient algorithm to solve the resulting non-convex optimization problem sub-optimally. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the significant improvement in DoA estimation accuracy achieved by the proposed 6DMA sensing scheme as compared to various benchmark schemes, for both isotropic and directive antenna radiation patterns.

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