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arXiv 2408.17367astro-ph.GA
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室女座纤维状结构 III:GAEA 半解析模型预言的纤维状结构中星系的气体含量

Virgo Filaments. III. The gas content of galaxies in filaments as predicted by the GAEA semi-analytic model

D. Zakharova, B. Vulcani, G. De Lucia, R. A. Finn, G. Rudnick, F. Combes, G. Castignani, F. Fontanot, P. Jablonka, L. Xie, M. Hirschmann

AI总结:

本文利用观测数据和GAEA半解析模型研究室女座纤维状结构中星系的气体含量,发现纤维状结构星系的气体含量介于星系团与孤立星系之间,且纤维状结构本身对星系气体含量无显著影响,其效应主要来自其中的星系群。

摘要:

星系演化依赖于星系所处的环境。能够影响星系气体含量的各种物理过程(冲压剥离、潮汐相互作用等)在不同环境中具有不同的效率。在这项工作中,我们利用观测和模拟数据,研究了本地星系在星系团、星系群、纤维状结构内部和外部以及孤立状态下的气体(原子 HI 和分子 H2)含量。我们利用了一个室女座星系团(包括周围的纤维状结构)中的星系目录,并将数据与星系演化和组装(GAEA)半解析模型的预言进行了比较,该模型对冷气体含量在原子相和分子相中的分配有明确的处理方案。我们从模型中提取了一个模拟观测偏差的模拟目录和一个未针对观测进行定制的目录,以研究观测极限对结果的影响,并预言当前观测未覆盖的 regime 中的趋势。观测和模拟数据表明,纤维状结构内的星系表现出介于星系团和孤立环境之间的中等冷气体含量。HI 的数量通常比 H2 对环境更敏感,低质量星系(log10 [M⋆ / M☉] < 10)通常比其大质量(log10 [M⋆ / M☉] > 10)对应体受到的影响更大。仅考虑模型数据,我们在纤维状结构星系中识别出两个以相似比例存在的不同群体:同时位于星系群中的星系和孤立星系。前者的性质更类似于星系团和星系群星系,后者更类似于场星系。因此,我们没有检测到纤维状结构对星系气体含量的强烈影响,我们将结果归因于纤维状结构中星系群的存在。

英文摘要:

Galaxy evolution depends on the environment in which galaxies are located. The various physical processes (ram-pressure stripping, tidal interactions, etc.) that can affect the gas content in galaxies have different efficiencies in different environments. In this work, we examine the gas (atomic \ce{HI} and molecular \ce{H2}) content of local galaxies inside and outside clusters, groups, and filaments as well as in isolation using observational and simulated data. We exploited a catalog of galaxies in the Virgo cluster(including the surrounding filaments) and compared the data against the predictions of the Galaxy Evolution and Assembly(GAEA) semi-analytic model, which has explicit prescriptions for partitioning the cold gas content in its atomic and molecular phases. We extracted from the model a mock catalog that mimics the observational biases and one not tailored to observations to study the impact of observational limits on the results and predict trends in regimes not covered by the current observations. The observations and simulated data show that galaxies within filaments exhibit intermediate cold gas content between galaxies in clusters and isolation. The amount of \ce{HI} is typically more sensitive to the environment than \ce{H2} and low-mass galaxies ($\log_{10} [{\rm M}_{\star} / \rm{M}_{\sun} ] < 10$) are typically more affected than their massive ($\log_{10} [{\rm M}_{\star} / \rm{M}_{\sun} ] > 10$) counterparts. Considering only model data, we identified two distinct populations among filament galaxies present in similar proportions: those simultaneously lying in groups and isolated galaxies. The former has properties more similar to cluster and group galaxies, and the latter is more similar to those of field galaxies. We therefore did not detect filaments' strong effects on galaxies' gas content, and we ascribe the results to the presence of groups in filaments.

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