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arXiv 2408.16627quant-phcond-mat.stat-mechhep-lathep-thnucl-th
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来自复鞍点的量子退相干

Quantum decoherence from complex saddle points

Jun Nishimura, Hiromasa Watanabe

AI总结:

本文提出用费曼路径积分中的复鞍点刻画量子退相干,并在Caldeira-Leggett模型中通过第一性原理计算验证了退相干对环境温度和耦合参数的标度行为,同时讨论了结合蒙特卡罗方法向一般模型推广的途径。

摘要:

量子退相干是连接量子物理与已被充分理解的经典物理的效应。因此,它在理解量子物理的神秘本质方面起着至关重要的作用。量子退相干也是量子噪声的一个来源,在量子计算以及基于量子技术的各种实验中必须得到良好控制。本文指出,量子退相干可以通过费曼路径积分中的复鞍点来刻画,其方式与量子隧穿可以通过瞬子来刻画非常相似。特别地,我们在Caldeira-Leggett模型中给出了一些第一性原理计算,这些计算重现了量子退相干关于环境参数(例如温度以及与感兴趣系统的耦合)的预测标度行为。我们还讨论了如何利用最近发展的克服符号问题的方法,通过蒙特卡罗计算将我们的方法推广到一般模型。

英文摘要:

Quantum decoherence is the effect that bridges quantum physics to well-understood classical physics. As such, it plays a crucial role in understanding the mysterious nature of quantum physics. Quantum decoherence is also a source of quantum noise that has to be well under control in quantum computing and in various experiments based on quantum technologies. Here we point out that quantum decoherence can be captured by $\textit{complex}$ saddle points in the Feynman path integral in much the same way as quantum tunneling can be captured by instantons. In particular, we present some first-principle calculations in the Caldeira-Leggett model, which reproduce the predicted scaling behavior of quantum decoherence with respect to the parameters of the environment, such as the temperature and the coupling to the system of interest. We also discuss how to extend our approach to general models by Monte Carlo calculations using a recently developed method to overcome the sign problem.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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