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arXiv 2408.14964cs.LG
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化学性质预测的跨模态学习:大型语言模型与图机器学习的结合

Cross-Modal Learning for Chemistry Property Prediction: Large Language Models Meet Graph Machine Learning

TCS Research(塔塔咨询服务研究中心)

Sakhinana Sagar Srinivas, Venkataramana Runkana

AI总结:

本文提出多模态融合(MMF)框架,结合大型语言模型的领域知识与图神经网络的结构建模能力,有效应对分布偏移并降低过拟合风险,在分子性质预测基准上超越现有方法。

摘要:

在化学领域,目标是创造具有所需性质的新分子,从而为材料设计和药物筛选等应用提供准确的性质预测。然而,现有的图深度学习方法面临限制其表达能力的局限性。为了解决这一问题,我们探索将大型语言模型(LLMs)的丰富分子领域知识与图神经网络(GNNs)的互补优势相结合,以提升性质预测任务的性能。我们提出了一个多模态融合(MMF)框架,协同利用GNNs的分析能力和LLMs的语言生成与预测能力,从而提高分子性质预测的准确性和鲁棒性。该框架结合了GNNs在建模图结构数据方面的有效性以及LLMs的零样本和少样本学习能力,在降低过拟合风险的同时实现更优的预测。此外,我们的方法有效应对了分布偏移这一实际应用中的常见挑战,并展示了学习跨模态表示的有效性,在性质预测任务的基准数据集上超越了最先进的基线方法。

英文摘要:

In the field of chemistry, the objective is to create novel molecules with desired properties, facilitating accurate property predictions for applications such as material design and drug screening. However, existing graph deep learning methods face limitations that curb their expressive power. To address this, we explore the integration of vast molecular domain knowledge from Large Language Models (LLMs) with the complementary strengths of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to enhance performance in property prediction tasks. We introduce a Multi-Modal Fusion (MMF) framework that synergistically harnesses the analytical prowess of GNNs and the linguistic generative and predictive abilities of LLMs, thereby improving accuracy and robustness in predicting molecular properties. Our framework combines the effectiveness of GNNs in modeling graph-structured data with the zero-shot and few-shot learning capabilities of LLMs, enabling improved predictions while reducing the risk of overfitting. Furthermore, our approach effectively addresses distributional shifts, a common challenge in real-world applications, and showcases the efficacy of learning cross-modal representations, surpassing state-of-the-art baselines on benchmark datasets for property prediction tasks.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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