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arXiv 2408.09162cs.CVcs.LG
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零样本以对象为中心的表示学习

Zero-Shot Object-Centric Representation Learning

MILA(米拉计算学习研究所);University of Montreal(蒙特利尔大学);University of Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹大学);CU Boulder(科罗拉多大学博尔德分校);MPI for Intelligent Systems(马克斯·普朗克智能系统研究所);University of Tübingen(蒂宾根大学)

Aniket Didolkar, Andrii Zadaianchuk, Anirudh Goyal, Mike Mozer, Yoshua Bengio, Georg Martius, Maximilian Seitzer

AI总结:

本研究针对以对象为中心的表示学习多局限于分布内应用的问题,构建含8个数据集的零样本泛化基准,提出适配预训练视觉编码器的微调策略,实现无监督对象发现的SOTA性能与强零样本迁移能力。

摘要:

以对象为中心的表示学习的目标是将视觉场景分解为可隔离实体的结构化表示。近期研究成果表明,利用预训练的自监督特征,以对象为中心的表示学习可扩展至真实世界场景。但截至目前,以对象为中心的方法大多应用于分布内场景,模型的训练与评估均在同一数据集上完成。这与机器学习领域中通用模型可直接应用于未见数据和任务的更广泛趋势相悖。因此,在本研究中,我们通过引入一个包含8个不同合成与真实世界数据集的基准,从零样本泛化的角度研究现有的以对象为中心的方法。我们分析了影响零样本性能的因素,发现使用多样化真实世界图像训练可提升模型向未见场景的迁移能力。此外,受基础模型中任务特定微调成功案例的启发,我们提出一种新型微调策略,用于调整预训练视觉编码器以适配对象发现任务。研究发现,该方法在无监督对象发现任务上取得了当前最优性能,在向未见数据集迁移时表现出强大的零样本迁移能力。

英文摘要:

The goal of object-centric representation learning is to decompose visual scenes into a structured representation that isolates the entities. Recent successes have shown that object-centric representation learning can be scaled to real-world scenes by utilizing pre-trained self-supervised features. However, so far, object-centric methods have mostly been applied in-distribution, with models trained and evaluated on the same dataset. This is in contrast to the wider trend in machine learning towards general-purpose models directly applicable to unseen data and tasks. Thus, in this work, we study current object-centric methods through the lens of zero-shot generalization by introducing a benchmark comprising eight different synthetic and real-world datasets. We analyze the factors influencing zero-shot performance and find that training on diverse real-world images improves transferability to unseen scenarios. Furthermore, inspired by the success of task-specific fine-tuning in foundation models, we introduce a novel fine-tuning strategy to adapt pre-trained vision encoders for the task of object discovery. We find that the proposed approach results in state-of-the-art performance for unsupervised object discovery, exhibiting strong zero-shot transfer to unseen datasets.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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