具有外部流体动力学扰动的液体纳米线的涨落驱动动力学
Fluctuation-driven dynamics of liquid nano-threads with external hydrodynamic perturbations
AI总结：
本研究利用含热涨落的随机润滑方程（SLE），结合理论分析与数值模拟，揭示了外部流体动力学扰动与热涨落对液体纳米线破裂动力学的竞争机制，发现了均匀与非均匀破裂两种状态及其转变判据。
摘要：
通过包含高斯白噪声热涨落的随机润滑方程（SLE），捕捉了受外部流体动力学扰动的液体纳米线的不稳定性和破裂动力学。对SLE进行了线性不稳定性分析，以推导受外部扰动和热涨落影响的热毛细波谱和分布函数。还使用具有相关噪声模型的二阶有限差分法对SLE进行了数值求解。通过分子动力学验证的理论和数值解均表明，特定外部扰动引起的表面张力克服了热涨落的随机效应，决定了热毛细波和扰动增长的演化。结果还显示了两种不同的状态：（i）流体动力学状态，外部扰动占主导地位，导致均匀破裂；以及（ii）热涨落状态，外部扰动被热涨落超越，导致非均匀破裂。这些状态之间的转变，由基于线性不稳定性理论发展的标准建模，对外部扰动的幅度和波数表现出强烈的依赖性。
英文摘要：
Instability and rupture dynamics of a liquid nano-thread, subjected to external hydrodynamic perturbations, are captured by a stochastic lubrication equation (SLE) incorporating thermal fluctuations via Gaussian white noise. Linear instability analysis of the SLE is conducted to derive the spectra and distribution functions of thermal capillary waves influenced by external perturbations and thermal fluctuations. The SLE is also solved numerically using a second-order finite difference method with a correlated noise model. Both theoretical and numerical solutions, validated through molecular dynamics, indicate that surface tension forces due to specific external perturbations overcome the random effects of thermal fluctuations, determining both the thermal capillary waves and the evolution of perturbation growth. The results also show two distinct regimes: (i) the hydrodynamic regime, where external perturbations dominate, leading to uniform ruptures, and (ii) the thermal-fluctuation regime, where external perturbations are surpassed by thermal fluctuations, resulting in non-uniform ruptures. The transition between these regimes, modelled by a criterion developed from the linear instability theory, exhibits a strong dependence on the amplitudes and wavenumbers of the external perturbations.
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