arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2408.07102astro-ph.GA
收藏

亚L$^*$星系的各向异性星系周介质

The Anisotropic Circumgalactic Medium of Sub-L$^*$ Galaxies

Huanian Zhang, Miao Li, Dennis Zaritsky

AI总结:

本研究通过叠加低质量星系冷CGM发射线流量,发现其小半径极向存在与大质量早型星系一致的电离变硬特征,该特征在相关恒星质量范围内普遍存在,成因可能为AGN遗留效应或激波电离。

摘要:

我们通过对低质量星系($10^{9.0} \le M_*/M_\odot \le 10^{10.2} $)的冷星系周气体(CGM)发射线流量叠加测量,测定了发射特征相对于星系盘平面的取向随半径的变化关系,并将其与我们此前在大质量($M_* > 10^{10.4} M_\odot$)早型星系中得到的结果进行对比。尽管线比(偏低的[N II]/H$α$和[O III]/H$β$)表明这类星系的电离源整体比大质量星系更软,这与此前的研究结论一致,但我们发现在小半径处沿极向方向存在同样的电离变硬特征(内极区的[N II]/H$α$比值更高),这与我们在大质量星系中观测到的现象相符。内极区间的线比与内盘区间测得的线比存在差异,置信度达99.99%,且我们以>99.9%的置信度判定该线比处于恒星形成区间之外。小半径处沿极轴的CGM电离有效变硬,可能是活动星系核(AGN)活动的遗留效应,也可能是激波电离导致的。无论属于哪种情况,在我们能够通过光谱叠加技术和现有存档数据探索的恒星质量范围内,这一特征似乎普遍存在。

英文摘要:

Using stacked emission line flux measurements of cool circumgalactic gas (CGM) in lower-mass galaxies ($10^{9.0} \le M_*/M_\odot \le 10^{10.2} $), we measure the dependence of the emission characteristics on orientation relative to the disk plane as a function of radius and compare to that we found previously for massive ($M_* > 10^{10.4} M_\odot$) early-type galaxies. Although the line ratios (the lower [N II]/H$α$ and [O III]/H$β$) suggest an overall softer ionizing source than in the more massive galaxies, consistent with previous findings, we find the same ionization hardening signature (a higher [N II]/H$α$ ratio in the inner polar region) along the polar direction at small radii that we found for the more massive galaxies. The line ratio in the inner polar bin is distinct from that measured for the inner planar bin with 99.99% confidence and with $>$ 99.9% confidence we conclude that it lies outside the star formation regime. The effective hardening of the ionization of the CGM along the polar axis, at small radii, could either indicate relic effects of AGN activity or shock ionization. In either case, this signature appears to be ubiquitous across the stellar mass range we are able to explore with our spectral stacking technique and currently available archival data.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑