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arXiv 2408.06368quant-phphysics.comp-ph
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基于非变分量子行走的优化算法分析

Analysis of the Non-variational Quantum Walk-based Optimisation Algorithm

Tavis Bennett, Lyle Noakes, Jingbo B. Wang

AI总结:

本文提出一种基于连续时间量子行走的非变分量子优化算法,通过双酉算符重复制备放大态求解多类组合优化问题,仿真验证其少量迭代即可得全局最优解。

摘要:

本文详细介绍了一种非变分量子算法,旨在求解广泛的组合优化问题,包括带约束的问题以及含非二元变量的问题。该算法通过对放大态的重复制备与测量,返回最优及近优解。放大态通过重复施加两个酉算符制备:其一根据目标函数值对解态进行相移,其二通过问题特定混合图上的连续时间量子行走(CTQW),将相移后的概率幅进行混合。负责放优解的通用干涉过程,部分源自对混合图上分布的目标函数值的统计分析。该算法的通用性通过应用于多种问题得到验证:加权最大割、k均值聚类、二次分配、最大独立集以及带容量约束的设施选址。文中讨论了所有场景下CTQW的高效线路实现,还介绍了一种求解约束问题的惩罚函数方法,包含一种优化惩罚函数的方法。针对每个所研究的问题,本文对随机生成的问题实例进行了算法性能仿真,且在所有案例中,放大态均在少量迭代内得到了全局最优解。

英文摘要:

This paper introduces in detail a non-variational quantum algorithm designed to solve a wide range of combinatorial optimisation problems, including constrained problems and problems with non-binary variables. The algorithm returns optimal and near-optimal solutions from repeated preparation and measurement of an amplified state. The amplified state is prepared via repeated application of two unitaries; one which phase-shifts solution states dependent on objective function values, and the other which mixes phase-shifted probability amplitudes via a continuous-time quantum walk (CTQW) on a problem-specific mixing graph. The general interference process responsible for amplifying optimal solutions is derived in part from statistical analysis of objective function values as distributed over the mixing graph. The algorithm's versatility is demonstrated through its application to various problems: weighted maxcut, k-means clustering, quadratic assignment, maximum independent set and capacitated facility location. In all cases, efficient circuit implementations of the CTQWs are discussed. A penalty function approach for constrained problems is also introduced, including a method for optimising the penalty function. For each of the considered problems, the algorithm's performance is simulated for a randomly generated problem instance, and in each case, the amplified state produces a globally optimal solution within a small number of iterations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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