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arXiv 2408.04517cs.DS
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近似 $δ$-覆盖

Approximating $δ$-Covering

Tim A. Hartmann, Tom Janßen

AI总结:

本文研究无向图上连续设施选址问题 $δ$-覆盖的可近似性,针对不同覆盖范围给出对数或常数因子近似算法,并结合唯一博弈猜想下界缩小了近似比范围。

摘要:

$δ$-覆盖,对于某个覆盖范围 $δ>0$,是无向图上的连续设施选址问题,其中所有边都具有单位长度。设施既可以放置在顶点上,也可以放置在边的内部。目标是用尽可能少的设施,使得每条边上的每个点到这些设施之一的距离至多为 $δ$。对于较大的 $δ$,该问题类似于支配集,难以近似;而对于较小的 $δ$,例如接近 $1$ 时,该问题类似于顶点覆盖。事实上,正如 Hartmann 等人 [Math. Program. 22] 所示,对于所有单位分数 $δ$,$δ$-覆盖是多项式时间可解的,而对于所有其他 $δ$ 值,该问题是 NP 难的。我们研究了每个覆盖范围 $δ>0$ 下 $δ$-覆盖的可近似性。对于 $δ\geq 3/2$,该问题是 log-APX 难的,并且允许 $\mathcal O(\log n)$ 近似。对于每个 $δ< 3/2$,最小 $δ$-覆盖存在常数因子近似(并且当 $δ$ 不是单位分数时,该问题是 APX 难的)。我们进一步研究了近似比与覆盖范围 $δ< 3/2$ 之间的依赖关系。通过提供若干多项式时间近似算法和唯一博弈猜想下的下界,我们缩小了可能的近似比范围,尤其是对于 $δ$ 接近多项式时间可解情形的情况。

英文摘要:

$δ$-Covering, for some covering range $δ>0$, is a continuous facility location problem on undirected graphs where all edges have unit length. The facilities may be positioned on the vertices as well as on the interior of the edges. The goal is to position as few facilities as possible such that every point on every edge has distance at most $δ$ to one of these facilities. For large $δ$, the problem is similar to dominating set, which is hard to approximate, while for small $δ$, say close to $1$, the problem is similar to vertex cover. In fact, as shown by Hartmann et al. [Math. Program. 22], $δ$-Covering for all unit-fractions $δ$ is polynomial time solvable, while for all other values of $δ$ the problem is NP-hard. We study the approximability of $δ$-Covering for every covering range $δ>0$. For $δ\geq 3/2$, the problem is log-APX-hard, and allows an $\mathcal O(\log n)$ approximation. For every $δ< 3/2$, there is a constant factor approximation of a minimum $δ$-cover (and the problem is APX-hard when $δ$ is not a unit-fraction). We further study the dependency of the approximation ratio on the covering range $δ< 3/2$. By providing several polynomial time approximation algorithms and lower bounds under the Unique Games Conjecture, we narrow the possible approximation ratio, especially for $δ$ close to the polynomial time solvable cases.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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