Due to observational challenges, the mass function of black holes (BH) at lower masses is poorly constrained in the local universe. Understanding the occupation fraction of BHs in low-mass galaxies is crucial for constraining the origins of supermassive BH seeds. Compact stellar systems (CSSs), including ultra-compact dwarf galaxies (UCDs) and compact elliptical galaxies (cEs), are potential intermediate-mass BH hosts. Despite the difficulties posed by their limited spheres of influence, stellar dynamical modeling has been effective in estimating central BH masses in CSSs. Some CSSs may harbor a BH constituting up to 20% of their host stellar mass, while others might not have a central BH. In support of our ongoing efforts to determine the BH masses in select CSSs in the Virgo cluster using JWST/NIRSpec IFU observations and orbit-superposition dynamical models, we create mock kinematic data mimicking the characteristics of observed cEs/UCDs in the Virgo cluster with different BH masses. We then construct a series of dynamical models using the orbit-superposition code FORSTAND and explore the accuracy of recovering the BH mass. We find that the mass of BHs comprising 1% or more of the total host stellar mass can be accurately determined through kinematic maps featuring higher-order velocity moments. We also assess how BH mass measurement is affected by deprojection methods, regularization factors, anisotropy parameters, orbit initial conditions, the absence of higher-order velocity moments, spatial resolution, and the signal-to-noise ratio.
Spatial decomposition of Little Red Dots with JWST/NIRSpec IFU into broad-line red cores and narrow-line blue host galaxies
Massachusetts Institute of Technology（麻省理工学院）；University of Hawai‘i（夏威夷大学）；Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA)（奥地利科学技术研究所）；North Carolina State University（北卡罗来纳州立大学）；The University of Texas at Austin（德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校）；Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）
Diverse ionized gas conditions in a dynamically hot, interacting galaxy at $z = 9.31$ revealed by JWST/NIRSpec IFU
Leiden University（莱顿大学）；Tohoku University（东北大学）；INAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma（意大利国家天体物理研究所罗马天文台）；Space Telescope Science Institute（太空望远镜科学研究所）；Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学）；University of Maryland, College Park（马里兰大学帕克分校）
Confirmation and Refutation of Lyman Continuum Leakers at $z\sim3$ with JWST NIRSpec/IFU
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS)（中国科学院大学）；National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院国家天文台）；Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Beijing Normal University（北京师范大学天文与前沿科学研究院）；Steward Observatory, University of Arizona（亚利桑那大学斯图尔德天文台）
MAGAZ3NE: Spatially Resolved Ages and Chemical Abundances of Ultra-Massive Quiescent Galaxies at z $\sim$ 3.5 using JWST/NIRSpec IFU
York University（约克大学）；University of Toronto（多伦多大学）；Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto（多伦多大学邓普勒天文学与天体物理研究所）；University of Massachusetts, Amherst（马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校）；University of California Davis（加州大学戴维斯分校）；University of Wisconsin-Madison（威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校）；Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science（卡内基科学机构天文台）；Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）
We present Gemini GMOS-IFU data of eight compact low-mass early-type galaxies (ETGs) in the Virgo cluster. We analyse their stellar kinematics, stellar population, and present two-dimensional maps of these properties covering the central 5"x 7" region. We find a large variety of kinematics: from non- to highly-rotating objects, often associated with underlying disky isophotes revealed by deep images from the Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey. In half of our objects, we find a centrally-concentrated younger and more metal-rich stellar population. We analyze the specific stellar angular momen…
Extremely red quasars, with bolometric luminosities exceeding $10^{47}$ erg s$^{-1}$, are a fascinating high-redshift population that is absent in the local universe. They are the best candidates for supermassive black holes accreting at rates at or above the Eddington limit, and they are associated with the most rapid and powerful outflows of ionized gas known to date. They are also hosted by massive galaxies. Here we present the first integral field unit (IFU) observations of a high-redshift quasar obtained by the Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) on board the James Webb Space Telescope (…
GA-NIFS: The interplay between feedback and star formation at 3 < z < 9 probed by JWST/NIRSpec IFU
Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC–INTA（天体生物学中心）；INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri（意大利国家天体物理研究所阿切里天文台）；Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik (MPE)（马克斯·普朗克地外物理学研究所）；Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge（剑桥大学卡弗里宇宙学研究所）；Cavendish Laboratory - Astrophysics Group, University of Cambridge（剑桥大学卡文迪许实验室天体物理组）；European Space Agency（欧洲空间局）；Department of Physics, University of Oxford（牛津大学物理系）
TDCOSMO XXIX: JWST/NIRSpec IFU Spatially Resolved Kinematics of Three Time-delay Lenses
University of California, Los Angeles（加州大学洛杉矶分校）；University of Chicago（芝加哥大学）；Independent University, Bangladesh（孟加拉独立大学）；University of Oxford（牛津大学）；Space Telescope Science Institute（太空望远镜科学研究所）；Stony Brook University（石溪大学）；Tohoku University（东北大学）
Blowing Star Formation Away in AGN Hosts (BAH) -- III. Serendipitous discovery of a $z\sim2.9$ star-forming galaxy lensed by the galactic bulge of CGCG 012-070 using JWST NIRSpec
Using the kinematic position angles (PA_kin), an accurate indicator for the spin axis of a galaxy, obtained from the ATLAS3D integral-field-unit (IFU) spectroscopic data, we discovered that 57 Virgo early-type galaxies tend to prefer the specific PA_kin values of 20 degree and 100 degree, suggesting that they are kinematically aligned with each other. These kinematic alignment angles are further associated with the directions of the two distinct axes of the Virgo cluster extending east-west and north-south, strongly suggesting that the two distinct axes are the filamentary structures within th…
GA-NIFS: interstellar medium properties and tidal interactions in the evolved massive merging system B14-65666 at z=7.152
University of Cambridge（剑桥大学）；University of Oxford（牛津大学）；The University of Manchester（曼彻斯特大学）；European Southern Observatory（欧洲南方天文台）；Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA（天体生物学中心（CAB），西班牙国家研究委员会-国家航空航天技术研究所）；Scuola Normale Superiore（比萨高等师范学院）；Sorbonne Université（索邦大学）
Measuring the Central Dark Mass in NGC 4258 with JWST/NIRSpec Stellar Kinematics
University of Michigan（密歇根大学）；University of Science, Vietnam National University in Ho Chi Minh City（越南国立大学胡志明市自然科学大学）；University of Oxford（牛津大学）；International University, Vietnam National University in Ho Chi Minh City（越南国立大学胡志明市国际大学）；International Centre for Interdisciplinary Science and Education（跨学科科学与教育中心）
BlackTHUNDER: Shedding light on a dormant and extreme little red dot at z=8.50
University of Cambridge（剑桥大学）；Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge（剑桥大学卡弗里宇宙学研究所）；Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge（剑桥大学卡文迪许实验室）；Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik（马克斯·普朗克地外物理学研究所）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London（伦敦大学学院物理与天文系）；Università degli Studi di Firenze（佛罗伦萨大学）；Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze（佛罗伦萨大学物理与天文系）；INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri（意大利国家天体物理研究所阿切尔蒂天文台）
LUCA (Local Universe from Calar Alto) was conceived as a new generation science program for the Calar Alto Observatory. It proposed the construction of a large Integral Field Unit (IFU) spectrograph with six thousands optical fibers (IFU-6000) at the CAHA 3.5-m telescope to map our universe neighborhood in 3D with an unprecedented spatial resolution. Two galaxy samples were defined to map the local universe: (i) 102 galaxies in the Local Volume, out to 11 Mpc, and (ii) 218 galaxies in the Virgo cluster. A complementary project was developed to map the three largest galaxies in the local univer…
JWST observes the assembly of a massive galaxy at z~4
University of Oxford（牛津大学）；University of Leiden（莱顿大学）；Observatório Nacional/MCTI（国家天文台/科技部）；TNO（荷兰组织应用科学研究所）；Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics（马克斯·普朗克地外物理研究所）；Steward Observatory, University of Arizona（亚利桑那大学斯蒂沃德天文台）；Instituto de Astrofísica de La Plata, CONICET-UNLP（拉普拉塔天体物理研究所/阿根廷国家科学技术研究委员会/拉普拉塔国立大学）；Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata（拉普拉塔国立大学天文与地球科学学院）；Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA（天体生物学中心/西班牙国家技术研究委员会/国家航空航天技术研究所）；ELTE Eoẗovös Loránd University（罗兰大学）
REBELS-IFU: Steeply rising star formation histories and the importance of dust obscuration in massive $z \simeq7$ galaxies revealed by multi-wavelength observations
From Grism to IFU: Revising the Redshift and Nature of the Massive Dusty Galaxy S1 with JWST and ALMA
University of Geneva（日内瓦大学）；University of Sussex（萨塞克斯大学）；Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen（哥本哈根大学尼尔斯·玻尔研究所）；Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité（巴黎萨克雷大学、巴黎西岱大学）；Leiden University（莱顿大学）
REBELS-IFU: Spatially Resolved Ionizing Photon Production Efficiencies of 12 Bright Galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization
Universitat de València（瓦伦西亚大学）；Instituto de Física de Cantabria（坎塔布里亚物理研究所）；Academia Sinica（中央研究院）；Universidad Diego Portales（迭戈·波特莱斯大学）；Leiden University（莱顿大学）；The University of Manchester（曼彻斯特大学）；University of Western Australia（西澳大利亚大学）
Doubling NIRSpec/IFS capability to calibrate the single-epoch black hole mass relation at high redshifts
Scuola Normale Superiore（比萨高等师范学院）；INAF – Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri（意大利国家天体物理研究所阿切特里天文台）；Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge（剑桥大学卡弗里宇宙学研究所）；Cavendish Laboratory - Astrophysics Group, University of Cambridge（剑桥大学卡文迪许实验室天体物理组）；Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA（西班牙国家航空航天技术研究所与科学委员会天体生物学中心）；Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik (MPE)（马克斯·普朗克地外物理研究所）
JWST/NIRSpec Reveals Diverse Nuclear Environments in Dwarf Galaxies Hosting AGN
Research Center for Space and Cosmic Evolution, Ehime University（爱媛大学宇宙演化研究中心）；Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin（德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校天文学系）；Cosmic Frontier Center, The University of Texas at Austin（德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校宇宙前沿中心）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside（加州大学河滨分校物理与天文系）；Department of Physics, Texas State University（德州州立大学物理系）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University（乔治梅森大学物理与天文系）；Ehime University（爱媛大学）；Division of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Los Angeles（加州大学洛杉矶分校天文与天体物理系）；IPAC, MC 320-6, Caltech（加州理工学院IPAC）；Hiroshima University（广岛大学）；Steward Observatory, University of Arizona（亚利桑那大学斯图尔德天文台）；Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias（加那利群岛天体物理学研究所）
Exploring Spatially-Resolved Metallicities, Dynamics and Outflows in Low-Mass Galaxies at $z \sim 7.6$
Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge（剑桥大学卡弗里宇宙学研究所）；Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge（剑桥大学卡文迪许实验室）；St Catharine’s College, University of Cambridge（剑桥大学圣凯瑟琳学院）；Centre for Astrophysics Research, Department of Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics, University of Hertfordshire（赫特福德大学物理、天文与数学系天体物理研究中心）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London（伦敦大学学院物理与天文学系）；European Southern Observatory（欧洲南方天文台）；DARK, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen（哥本哈根大学尼尔斯·玻尔研究所DARK中心）；Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC–INTA（西班牙国家航空航天技术研究所-西班牙高等科研理事会天体生物学中心）；Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris（巴黎天体物理学研究所，索邦大学，法国国家科学研究中心）
Accretion onto the Embedded Protostar L1527 IRS: Insights from JWST NIRSpec and MIRI Observations
University of Virginia（弗吉尼亚大学）；National Radio Astronomy Observatory（国家射电天文台）；University of Illinois（伊利诺伊大学）；University of Toledo（托莱多大学）；Leiden Observatory, Universiteit Leiden（莱顿天文台，莱顿大学）；Max-Planck Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik（马克斯·普朗克地外物理研究所）；Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (ICE-CSIC)（空间科学研究所（西班牙高等科学研究委员会））；Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC)（加泰罗尼亚空间研究学院）；California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院）
JWST spectra are consistent with the edge-on star-forming galaxy scenario for the "runaway supermassive black hole"
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias（加那利群岛天体物理研究所）；Universidad de La Laguna（拉古纳大学）；Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México（墨西哥国立自治大学）；Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC)（空间科学研究所）
Mapping Gas Accretion and Stellar Kinematics to Sub-kiloparsec Scales in NGC 4696 with JWST/NIRSpec
Université de Montréal（蒙特利尔大学）；Massachusetts Institute of Technology（麻省理工学院）；University of Michigan（密歇根大学）；Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México（墨西哥国立自治大学）；University of Alabama in Huntsville（阿拉巴马大学亨茨维尔分校）；University of Portsmouth（朴次茅斯大学）
