未来的公共交通：通过设计以人为本的公共交通空间提升幸福感
Public Transit of the Future: Enhancing Well-Being through Designing Human-centered Public Transportation Spaces
AI总结：
本研究通过304人调查和线性混合效应模型比较六种车厢设计，发现功能性设施与亲生物设计可提升幸福感及交通感知，而低维护会损害幸福感。
摘要：
研究表明，心理影响是公共交通用户最关注的问题之一。尽管许多美国人将很大一部分时间花在公共交通空间中，但这些空间的设计和维护对用户幸福感的影响尚未得到充分研究。在本研究中，我们开展了一项调查，以更好地理解实施不同设计对人们幸福感和感知指标的影响（N=304）。参与者观看了六张描绘不同车厢配置的图像，包括：（1）当前版本的车厢空间，（2）低维护版本，（3）美学增强版本，（4）配备自行车架的版本，（5）增加工作空间的版本，以及（6）采用亲生物设计的改进版本。在观看每张图像后，评估参与者的幸福感指标（例如压力和情绪）及其公共交通感知指标（例如对安全性和合理成本的感知）。我们通过线性混合效应建模得到的结果表明，增加功能性便利设施和亲生物设计元素可整体提升幸福感和感知指标。相反，低维护则恶化了所有测得的幸福感。本研究为开发以人为本的公共交通空间奠定了基础，这类空间能够提高公共交通的采用率。
英文摘要：
Studies show that psychological effects are among one of the top concerns for public transportation users. While many Americans spend a significant portion of their time in public transportation spaces, the impact of the design and maintenance of these spaces on user well-being has not been fully studied. In this study, we conducted a survey to better understand the effect of implementing different designs on people's well-being and perceptual metrics (N=304). Participants were presented with six images depicting different cabin configurations, including (1) the current version of the cabin space, (2) a low-maintenance version, (3) an aesthetically enhanced version, (4) a bike rack-enabled version, (5) a version with an added workspace, and (6) an improved version with biophilic design. After viewing each image, participants' well-being metrics (e.g., stress, and emotion) and their public transportation perception metrics (e.g., perceptions of safety, and reasonable cost) were evaluated. Our results from linear mixed-effect modeling indicated that adding functional amenities and biophilic design elements led to an overall enhancement in well-being and perceptual metrics. Conversely, low maintenance worsened all measured well-being. This research lays the ground for developing human-centered public transportation spaces that can lead to an increase in public transportation adoption.
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