arXiv 2408.017992024-08quant-ph

双发射体固态系统中强度关联测量里的超辐射特征

Signatures of superradiance in intensity correlation measurements in a two-emitter solid-state system

Madhura Ghosh Dastidar, Aprameyan Desikan, Gniewomir Sarbicki, Vidya Praveen Bhallamudi

AI总结：

本文通过强度关联测量研究金刚石纳米柱中多个氮-空位发射体的协同效应，观测到跃迁速率增大、三指数衰减等超辐射特征，并建立Lindblad主方程理论模型加以解释，为量子光子技术提供了多光子态的新探测手段。

摘要：

我们对嵌入金刚石纳米柱中的氮-空位（NV）发射体进行了强度关联（$g^{(2)}(τ)$）测量。在室温下，我们观察到来自单重态和三重态的跃迁速率均增大了约6倍，表明纳米柱内多个发射体之间存在协同效应。同时，我们观测到$g^{(2)}(0) > 0.5 (\ o 1$)，而其他发射体（以及单个发射体的预期情况）则为$g^{(2)}(0) < 0.5$，这表明体系中至少存在两个发射体。此外，我们观察到$g^{(2)}$呈现三指数行为，这与单个NV发射体所呈现的标准双指数行为形成对比。为了理解我们的实验观测结果，我们建立了一个理论模型。我们求解了针对单个和两个NV中心量身定制的Lindblad主方程，以研究它们在有限温度下耦合到共同电磁场时的耗散动力学。通过这一分析，我们确定双发射体系统的超辐射发射是对所观测数据最可能的解释。我们还发现，使用耦合发射体系统进行的随机数生成在NIST测试套件下表现更好，并用耦合发射体系统的熵驱动模型对此进行了解释。我们的结果为多光子态（例如超辐射态）提供了一种利用强度关联测量的新特征，这将对量子光子技术的进步具有重要意义。

英文摘要：

We perform intensity correlation ($g^{(2)}(τ)$) measurements on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) emitters embedded in diamond nanopillars. We observe an increase in transition rates from both the singlet and triplet states by a factor of $\approx 6$, indicating cooperative effects between the multiple emitters in the pillar, at room temperature. We simultaneously observe a $g^{(2)}(0) > 0.5 (\to 1$) as opposed to $g^{(2)}(0) < 0.5$ for others (and as expected for single emitters), indicating the presence of at least two emitters. Furthermore, we observe a triple exponential behaviour for the $g^{(2)}$ in contrast to the standard double exponential behaviour seen for single NV emitters. To understand our experimental observations, we developed a theoretical model. We solve the Lindblad master equation, tailored for single and two NV centers, to study their dissipative dynamics when coupled to a common electromagnetic field, at a finite temperature. Through this, we identify superradiant emission from a two-emitter system as the most likely explanation for our observed data. We also find that random number generation using the coupled emitter system performs better under the NIST test suite and explain it in terms of an entropy-driven model for a coupled emitter system. Our results provide a new signature for multiphotonic states, such as superradiant states, using intensity correlation measurements, that will become important for quantum photonic technologies progress.

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