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arXiv 2407.20190astro-ph.IM
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在甚长基线干涉测量中直接使用闭合迹进行成像的前景

Prospects of using closure traces directly for imaging in Very Long Baseline Interferometry

Hendrik Müller

AI总结:

针对EHT偏振校准难题,本文探索直接拟合闭合迹进行成像的流水线,发现多目标成像技术可处理其固有简并性,并在未来更多天线的EHT继任项目中验证了该方法的可行性与竞争力。

摘要:

在射电干涉测量中,重建源的偏振是一个具有挑战性的校准问题,因为重建强烈依赖于需要与图像一起推断的增益和泄漏。由于天线数量少、信噪比低以及增益损坏大,这对于事件视界望远镜(EHT)来说尤其如此。为了恢复线偏振,要么必须将泄漏和增益与图像结构一起推断,要么完全依赖于与校准无关的闭合量。虽然第一种方法在甚长基线干涉测量(VLBI)中已经被探索了很长时间,但后者在偏振测量中研究较少。闭合迹是最近提出的一种闭合量概念,与闭合相位和闭合幅度不同,它独立于增益和泄漏,并携带有关源偏振的相关信息。在这里,我们探索如何直接拟合闭合迹来创建图像,并指出一个成功从闭合迹进行直接成像的成像流水线。由于闭合迹具有许多固有的简并性,可以检测到多个能够拟合数据的局部图像模式。因此,需要多目标成像技术来正确采样这种多模态性。对于2017年的EHT配置,闭合迹的约束力不足以直接恢复图像,主要是由于天线数量少。然而,对于计划中的EHT继任者(具有显著更多的天线),此选项变得可行,并且在与残差泄漏成像相比时表现具有竞争力。

英文摘要:

The reconstruction of the polarization of a source in radio interferometry is a challenging calibration problem since the reconstruction strongly depends on the gains and leakages that need to be inferred along with the image. This is particularly true for the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) due to its small number of antennas, small signal-to-noise ratio and large gain corruptions. To recover linear polarization, one either has to infer the leakages and gains together with the image structure, or rely completely on calibration independent closure quantities. While the first approach has been explored in Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) for a long time, the later one has been less studied for polarimetry. Closure traces are a recently proposed concept of closure quantities that, in contrast to closure phases and closure amplitudes, are independent against both gains and leakages and carry the relevant information about the polarization of the source. Here we explore, how closure traces could be directly fitted to create an image and point out an imaging pipeline that succeeds in the direct imaging from closure traces. Since closure traces have a number of inherent degeneracies, multiple local image modes that can fit the data are detected. Therefore, a multiobjective imaging technique is needed to correctly sample this multimodality. Closure traces are not constraining enough for the EHT configuration in 2017 to recover an image directly, mainly due to the small number of antennas. For planned successors of the EHT however (with a significantly larger number of antennas), this option becomes feasible and performs competitive to the imaging with residual leakages.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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