For the first detection of a novel astrophysical phenomenon, scientific standards are particularly high. Especially in a multi-messenger context, there are also opportunity costs to follow-up observations on any detection claims. So in searching for the still elusive lensed gravitational waves, care needs to be taken in controlling false positives. In particular, many methods for identifying strong lensing rely on some form of parameter similarity or waveform consistency, which under rapidly growing catalog sizes can expose them to false positives from coincident but unlensed events if proper care is not taken. And searches for waveform deformations in all lensing regimes are subject to degeneracies we need to mitigate between lensing, intrinsic parameters, insufficiently modelled effects such as orbital eccentricity, or even deviations from general relativity. Robust lensing studies also require understanding and mitigating glitches and non-stationarities in the detector data. This article reviews sources of possible false positives (and their flip side: false negatives) in gravitational-wave lensing searches and the main approaches the community is pursuing to mitigate them.
Abdus Salam Centre for Theoretical Physics, Imperial College（阿卜杜斯·萨拉姆理论物理中心，帝国理工学院）；University of Southampton（南安普顿大学）；Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学）；University of Pennsylvania（宾夕法尼亚大学）；Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques（高等科学研究所）
Comprehensive analysis of time-domain overlapping gravitational wave transients: A Lensing Study
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research（印度科学教育研究所）；Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics（大学间天文学与天体物理学中心）；International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research（塔塔基础研究所国际理论科学中心）；Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo（东京大学卡弗里宇宙物理数学起源研究所（WPI）、UTIAS）
The Chinese University of Hong Kong（香港中文大学）；National Institute of Technology, Kozhikode（科利科德国家理工学院）；Universite Catholique de Louvain（天主教鲁汶大学）；Royal Observatory of Belgium（比利时皇家天文台）；Nikhef – National Institute for Subatomic Physics（尼赫夫–荷兰亚原子物理国家研究所）；Utrecht University（乌得勒支大学）；University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee（威斯康星大学密尔沃基分校）
Biases in Tests of General Relativity from Microlensed Gravitational-Wave Signals
Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA)（天文与天体物理大学间中心）；University of Birmingham（伯明翰大学）；International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research（塔塔基础研究所国际理论科学中心）
Gravitational lensing of gravitational waves by galaxy clusters
Tsinghua University（清华大学）；Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)（马克斯·普朗克引力物理研究所（爱因斯坦研究所））；Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院紫金山天文台）；Westlake University（西湖大学）
Testing the Weak Gravity Conjecture via Gravitational Lensing, Black Hole Shadows, and Barrow Thermodynamics in F(R)-Euler-Heisenberg (A)dS Black Holes
Damghan University（达姆甘大学）；Eastern Mediterranean University（东地中海大学）；University of Mazandaran（马赞德兰大学）；Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur（坎普尔印度理工学院）；Canadian Quantum Research Center（加拿大量子研究中心）；Khazar University（哈扎尔大学）
Using overlap of sky localization probability maps for filtering potentially lensed pairs of gravitational-wave signals
The Chinese University of Hong Kong（香港中文大学）；University of Texas at Austin（德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校）；KU Leuven（荷语鲁汶大学）；Niels Bohr Institute（尼尔斯·玻尔研究所）；California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院）
