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arXiv 2407.09460hep-ph
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$U(1)_X$模型中味共振轻子生成的对撞机检验

Collider Tests of Flavored Resonant Leptogenesis in the $U(1)_X$ Model

Garv Chauhan

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16 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
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AI总结：

本研究在标准模型$U(1)_X$扩展框架下分析味共振轻子生成机制，对比三种荷配置的参数空间表现，并探究HL-LHC及100 TeV未来对撞机通过轻子数破坏信号检验该机制的潜力。

摘要：

我们研究了标准模型的$U(1)_X$扩展中通过味共振轻子生成产生重子不对称性的过程。作为$U(1)_{B\text{-}L}$的推广，$U(1)_X$是一个包含右手中微子（RHNs）的紫外完备模型，其CP破坏的非平衡衰变通过轻子生成过程导致重子不对称性的产生。我们还可以在该模型中通过跷跷板机制解释中微子质量。我们针对负责TeV尺度$U(1)_X$破缺的标量粒子的不同$U(1)_X$荷，考虑了三种不同情况，包括常见的$U(1)_{B\text{-}L}$和$U(1)_R$模型，以及能使对撞机信号最大化的$U(1)_C$模型。我们通过数值求解味玻尔兹曼输运方程来计算总重子不对称性。结果表明，在满足中微子振荡数据的前提下，本文考虑的三种情况都能在大部分可用参数空间中自然解释观测到的宇宙重子不对称性。我们发现，与$U(1)_{B\text{-}L}$和$U(1)_R$相比，$U(1)_C$情况能在更大的参数空间内实现成功的轻子生成。我们还对味轻子生成和非味轻子生成的参数空间进行了对比研究。最后，我们利用与$U(1)_X$相关的$Z'$玻色子介导的$pp\to \rell^\rell^\text{±} \rell^\text{±}+$jets这一轻子数破坏信号，研究了所有这些方案的对撞机探测前景。我们发现，如果中微子具有正常质量序，高亮度大型强子对撞机（HL-LHC）或许能够探测到实现成功轻子生成的相关参数空间的一小部分，而质心系能量$\rs=100$ TeV的未来对撞机可以覆盖大得多的参数空间区域，从而为检验$U(1)_X$模型中的共振轻子生成提供了机会。

英文摘要：

We study the generation of baryon asymmetry through the flavored resonant leptogenesis in the $U(1)_X$ extension of the Standard Model. Being a generalization of the $U(1)_{B\text{-}L}$, $U(1)_X$ is an ultraviolet-complete model of the right-handed neutrinos (RHNs), whose CP violating out-of-equilibrium decays lead to the generation of baryon asymmetry via leptogenesis. We can also explain the neutrino masses via the seesaw mechanism in this model. We consider three different cases for different $U(1)_X$ charges of the scalar particle responsible for $U(1)_X$ breaking at TeV-scale. These include the popular $U(1)_{B\text{-}L}$ and $U(1)_{R}$ models, as well as a $U(1)_C$ model which maximizes the collider signal. We numerically solve the flavored Boltzmann transport equations to calculate the total baryon asymmetry. We show that all three cases considered here can naturally explain the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe in a large portion of the available parameter space, while satisfying the neutrino oscillation data. We find that the $U(1)_C$ case offers successful leptogenesis in a larger portion of the parameter space as compared to $U(1)_{B\text{-}L}$ and $U(1)_{R}$. We also perform a comparative study between the flavored and unflavored leptogenesis parameter space. Finally, we also study the collider prospects for all these scenarios using the lepton number violating signal of $pp\to \ell^\pm \ell^\pm+$jets mediated by the $Z'$ boson associated with $U(1)_X$. We find that HL-LHC may be able to probe a small portion of the relevant parameter space having successful leptogenesis, if neutrinos have normal mass ordering, while a $\sqrt s=100$ TeV future collider can access a much larger region of the parameter space, thereby offering an opportunity to test resonant leptogenesis in the $U(1)_X$ model.

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