利用地球自转测量中子的角动量
Measuring the Angular Momentum of a Neutron Using Earth's Rotation
AI总结：
本文利用自旋回波干涉仪观测地球自转与中子轨道角动量的Sagnac耦合，在横向OAM低至4098±295 ħ Å⁻¹的条件下将测量误差控制在5%以内，验证了该方法用于确定性测量中子OAM并探索量子Sagnac效应的可行性。
摘要：
在自旋回波干涉仪产生的纠缠中子中，观测到了地球自转与轨道角动量（OAM）之间的耦合，即所谓的Sagnac效应。在对仪器系统误差进行修正后，测得的耦合值与理论值的偏差在5%以内，不确定度为7.2%。在我们的装置中，OAM垂直于传播方向，并随波长（4 Å - 12.75 Å）线性变化，因此无需机械旋转设备即可改变耦合强度。因此，系统误差低于以往实验。我们探测到的束流横向OAM为4098 ± 295 ħ Å⁻¹，比以往中子实验低5个数量级，从而证明了利用Sagnac效应确定性地测量中子OAM的可行性，并为观测量子Sagnac效应铺平了道路。
英文摘要：
A coupling between Earths rotation and orbital angular momentum (OAM), known as the Sagnac effect, is observed in entangled neutrons produced using a spin echo interferometer. After correction for instrument systematics the measured coupling is within 5% of theory, with an uncertainty of 7.2%. The OAM in our setup is transverse to the propagation direction and scales linearly with wavelength (4 A - 12.75 A), hence the coupling can be varied, without mechanically rotating the device. Therefore, the systematic error is lower than in previous experiments. The detected transverse OAM of our beam corresponds to 4098 +- 295 hbar A-1, 5 orders of magnitude lower than in previous neutron experiments, thereby demonstrating the feasibility of using the Sagnac effect to definitively measure neutron OAM and paving the way towards observations of the quantum Sagnac effect
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