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arXiv 2407.08952cs.CLcs.AI
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检测、调查、判断与裁定:一个用于少样本假新闻检测的知识引导框架

Detect, Investigate, Judge and Determine: A Knowledge-guided Framework for Few-shot Fake News Detection

University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学);State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence(认知智能国家重点实验室);The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(香港科技大学)

Ye Liu, Jiajun Zhu, Xukai Liu, Haoyu Tang, Yanghai Zhang, Kai Zhang, Xiaofang Zhou, Enhong Chen

AI总结:

针对少样本假新闻检测中的理解歧义和信息稀缺问题,提出 DKFND 框架,通过检测、调查、判断与裁定模块融合内外部知识,提升 LLM 在低资源场景下的检测性能。

摘要:

少样本假新闻检测(FS-FND)旨在在极低资源场景下将不准确新闻与真实新闻区分开来。由于假新闻在社交媒体上的广泛传播及其有害影响,该任务受到了越来越多的关注。大型语言模型(LLM)凭借丰富的先验知识和出色的上下文学习能力,已经展现出具有竞争力的性能。然而,现有方法面临显著局限,例如理解歧义与信息稀缺,这严重削弱了 LLM 的潜力。为解决这些不足,我们提出双视角知识引导假新闻检测(DKFND)模型,旨在从内部和外部两个视角增强 LLM。具体而言,DKFND 首先通过检测模块识别每篇新闻文章的知识概念。随后,DKFND 创造性地设计了调查模块,以检索与当前新闻相关的内部和外部有价值信息,接着由另一个判断模块评估这些信息的相关性和置信度。最后,裁定模块进一步得出两个各自的预测并获得最终结果。在两个公开数据集上的大量实验表明了所提方法的有效性,尤其是在低资源环境下。

英文摘要:

Few-Shot Fake News Detection (FS-FND) aims to distinguish inaccurate news from real ones in extremely low-resource scenarios. This task has garnered increased attention due to the widespread dissemination and harmful impact of fake news on social media. Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated competitive performance with the help of their rich prior knowledge and excellent in-context learning abilities. However, existing methods face significant limitations, such as the Understanding Ambiguity and Information Scarcity, which significantly undermine the potential of LLMs. To address these shortcomings, we propose a Dual-perspective Knowledge-guided Fake News Detection (DKFND) model, designed to enhance LLMs from both inside and outside perspectives. Specifically, DKFND first identifies the knowledge concepts of each news article through a Detection Module. Subsequently, DKFND creatively designs an Investigation Module to retrieve inside and outside valuable information concerning to the current news, followed by another Judge Module to evaluate the relevance and confidence of them. Finally, a Determination Module further derives two respective predictions and obtain the final result. Extensive experiments on two public datasets show the efficacy of our proposed method, particularly in low-resource settings.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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