来自调制对称性与反常层级结构的内禀混合态SPT
Intrinsic mixed-state SPT from modulated symmetries and hierarchical structure of anomaly
AI总结：
本研究在开放量子系统中提出一类具有调制对称性的内禀混合态对称性保护拓扑相（mSPT），通过可解耦合线模型构建其密度矩阵微观形式，对比纯态与混合态的边界反常层级，并指出其边界反常特征可通过带电可观测量的Renyi-N关联函数探测。
摘要：
我们在开放量子系统中引入了一类具有调制对称性（如偶极对称性和子系统对称性）的内禀对称性保护拓扑混合态（mSPT）。值得注意的是，这些mSPT相无法作为有隙哈密顿量在热平衡下的基态实现。我们利用包含淬火无序或量子信道的可解耦合线模型，构建了表征这些内禀混合态SPT系综的密度矩阵的微观形式。借助磁通插入和Laughlin电荷泵浦论证，我们详细比较了纯态与混合态中边界反常的层级结构。最后，我们探究了混合态系综中边界反常的显著特征，这些特征可通过带电可观测量的Renyi-N关联函数进行探测。
英文摘要：
We introduce a class of intrinsic symmetry-protected topological mixed-state(mSPT) in open quantum systems that feature modulated symmetries, such as dipole and subsystem symmetries. Intriguingly, these mSPT phases cannot be realized as the ground states of a gapped Hamiltonian under thermal equilibrium. The microscopic form of the density matrix characterizing these intrinsic mixed-state SPT ensembles is constructed using solvable coupled-wire models that incorporate quenched disorder or quantum channels. A detailed comparison of the hierarchical structure of boundary anomalies in both pure and mixed states is presented, utilizing flux insertion and Laughlin's charge pumping arguments. Finally, we explore the salient features of boundary anomalies in the mixed-state ensemble, which can be detected through the Renyi-N correlation function of charged observables.
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