arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2407.08096quant-phphysics.optics
收藏

Bohm 轨迹中的对称性与奇异行为

Symmetries and singular behaviors with Bohmian trajectories

A. S. Sanz

AI总结:

本工作以 Bohm 力学为理论框架,分析基于相位的现象,揭示空间相位变化产生速度场并逐点描述系统演化,并应用于 Airy 光束自加速、形状不变性及自发自聚焦等光学奇异行为。

摘要:

量子力学即使在最简单的物理场景中也能预测具有挑战性的行为。这些行为之所以可能,是因为相位在量子系统演化中扮演着重要的动力学角色,另一方面,它们又与类似光学系统中可观察到的效应非常相似。本工作重点关注 Bohm 力学如何证明其是一个相当方便的理论框架来分析基于相位的现象,因为相位构成了量子力学这一流体动力学表述的核心要素。更具体地说,它使我们能够理解空间相位变化如何产生速度场,这些速度场最终支配着量子系统的动力学行为,并且当在时间上进行局部积分(即考虑特定位置)时,它们为我们提供了系统在位形空间中演化的清晰局部(逐点)描述。事实上,还将看到这一思想超越了量子领域,可被有利地用于描述具有相当奇异行为的光学类似物的行为。为此,考虑了在自由空间中发生的两个有趣现象,即 Airy 光束的自加速和形状不变性,以及自发自聚焦。

英文摘要:

Quantum mechanics is able to predict challenging behaviors even in the simplest physical scenarios. These behaviors are possible because of the important dynamical role that phase plays in the evolution of quantum systems, and are very similar, on the other hand, to effects observable in analogous optical systems. This work focuses on how Bohmian mechanics proves to be a rather convenient theoretical framework to analyze phase-based phenomena, since the phase constitutes the central element in this hydrodynamical formulation of quantum mechanics. More specifically, it allows us to understand how spatial phase variations give rise to velocity fields that eventually rule the dynamical behavior of quantum systems, and that, when integrated in time locally (i.e., taking into account specific positions), they provide us with a neat local (point by point) description of the system evolution in the configuration space. Indeed, it will also be seen that this idea transcends the quantum realm and can be profitably used to describe the behavior of optical analogs with rather singular behaviors. With this purpose, two interesting phenomena that take place in free space are considered, namely, the self-acceleration and shape-invariance of Airy beams, and spontaneous self-focusing.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑