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arXiv 2407.06992cs.IRcs.AIcs.CLcs.LG
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鲁棒神经信息检索:对抗与分布外视角

Robust Neural Information Retrieval: An Adversarial and Out-of-distribution Perspective

Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院计算技术研究所);University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学);University of Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹大学)

Yu-An Liu, Ruqing Zhang, Jiafeng Guo, Maarten de Rijke, Yixing Fan, Xueqi Cheng

AI总结:

本文是首篇神经信息检索鲁棒性综述,从对抗与分布外视角梳理密集检索、神经排序模型的鲁棒方案,提出BestIR基准,指明大模型时代挑战与方向,助力可信搜索引擎开发。

摘要:

神经信息检索(IR)模型的最新进展显著提升了其在各类IR任务上的效果。这些模型的鲁棒性对保障实际应用中的可靠性至关重要,也已引发广泛关注。随着大量鲁棒IR研究被提出,我们认为当下正是梳理现有进展、从已有方法中提炼洞见并为未来发展奠定基础的恰当时机。我们将IR鲁棒性视为一个多维度概念,强调其在对抗攻击、分布外(OOD)场景和性能波动方面的防御必要性。本文聚焦对抗鲁棒性与OOD鲁棒性,分别针对密集检索模型(DRMs)和神经排序模型(NRMs)——这两类神经IR流水线的核心组件——剖析了对应的鲁棒性解决方案。我们深入讨论了现有方法、数据集和评估指标,阐明了大语言模型时代该领域面临的挑战与未来方向。据我们所知,这是首篇针对神经IR模型鲁棒性的全面综述,我们还将在SIGIR 2024上举办首个相关教程,详情见https://sigir2024-robust-information-retrieval.github.io。在梳理现有工作的基础上,我们提出了鲁棒IR基准BestIR——一个用于鲁棒神经信息检索的异构评估基准,已在https://github.com/Davion-Liu/BestIR公开发布。我们希望本研究能为未来IR模型鲁棒性研究提供有益参考,助力开发可信赖的搜索引擎,相关资源整理见https://github.com/Davion-Liu/Awesome-Robustness-in-Information-Retrieval。

英文摘要:

Recent advances in neural information retrieval (IR) models have significantly enhanced their effectiveness over various IR tasks. The robustness of these models, essential for ensuring their reliability in practice, has also garnered significant attention. With a wide array of research on robust IR being proposed, we believe it is the opportune moment to consolidate the current status, glean insights from existing methodologies, and lay the groundwork for future development. We view the robustness of IR to be a multifaceted concept, emphasizing its necessity against adversarial attacks, out-of-distribution (OOD) scenarios and performance variance. With a focus on adversarial and OOD robustness, we dissect robustness solutions for dense retrieval models (DRMs) and neural ranking models (NRMs), respectively, recognizing them as pivotal components of the neural IR pipeline. We provide an in-depth discussion of existing methods, datasets, and evaluation metrics, shedding light on challenges and future directions in the era of large language models. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive survey on the robustness of neural IR models, and we will also be giving our first tutorial presentation at SIGIR 2024 \url{https://sigir2024-robust-information-retrieval.github.io}. Along with the organization of existing work, we introduce a Benchmark for robust IR (BestIR), a heterogeneous evaluation benchmark for robust neural information retrieval, which is publicly available at \url{https://github.com/Davion-Liu/BestIR}. We hope that this study provides useful clues for future research on the robustness of IR models and helps to develop trustworthy search engines \url{https://github.com/Davion-Liu/Awesome-Robustness-in-Information-Retrieval}.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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