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arXiv 2407.06809cs.LO
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老虎机的形式化建模与分析

Formal Modelling and Analysis of Slot Machines

Jan Friso Groote, Sander van Heesch, Matthias Volk

AI总结:

针对老虎机行为复杂、玩家影响下RTP难确定的问题,提出用概率过程规范建模老虎机行为、非确定性建模玩家干预,将RTP表述为可自动求值的量化模态公式,在真实老虎机上验证了方法,实现精确RTP计算与最优玩家策略获取。

摘要:

老虎机的行为可能相当复杂。确定RTP(玩家回报率)可能较为复杂,尤其是当玩家对游戏进程有影响时。本文使用概率过程规范对老虎机的行为进行建模,其中玩家的干预通过非确定性来建模。RTP被表述为一个量化模态公式,可在这些老虎机的行为规范上完全自动地求值。我们将该方法应用于Errèl Industries B.V.公司提供的一台真实老虎机上。本文最有价值的贡献在于展示了如何简洁且明确地描述老虎机的行为。使用量化模态逻辑还有额外优势,因为我们可以通过计算精确RTP、获得最优玩家策略等方式,相当轻松地提供有价值的见解。

英文摘要:

Slot machines can have fairly complex behaviour. Determining the RTP (return to player) can be involved, especially when a player has an influence on the course of the game. In this paper we model the behaviour of slot machines using probabilistic process specifications where the intervention of players is modelled using non-determinism. The RTP is formulated as a quantitative modal formula which can be evaluated fully automatically on the behavioural specifications of these slot machines. We apply the method on an actual slot machine provided by the company Errèl Industries B.V. The most useful contribution of this paper is that we show how to describe the behaviour of slot machines both concisely and unequivocally. Using quantitative modal logics there is an extra bonus, as we can quite easily provide valuable insights by a.o. computing the exact RTP and obtaining the optimal player strategies.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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