通过推理式仿真预测事故
Anticipating Accidents through Reasoned Simulation
AI总结：
本文提出结合STPA、ELP形式化建模与CARLA仿真的方法，借助问题框架识别由运行环境错误假设引发的损失场景，并以车门锁闭系统完成概念验证。
摘要：
系统理论过程分析（System-Theoretic Process Analysis，STPA）危险分析技术的一个关键目标，是识别损失场景，即可能导致事故的因果因素。我们提出一种方法，旨在帮助工程师识别与关于系统预期运行环境的错误假设相关的潜在损失场景。该方法结合了STPA的若干方面以及形式化建模和仿真。目前，我们处于概念验证阶段，并通过一个基于简单汽车车门锁闭系统的案例研究来说明该方法。在形式化建模方面，我们使用扩展逻辑程序设计（Extended Logic Programming，ELP）；在仿真方面，我们使用面向自动驾驶的CARLA仿真器。我们利用需求工程中的问题框架方法，在STPA的非形式化方面与我们的形式化建模之间建立桥梁。
英文摘要：
A key goal of the System-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) hazard analysis technique is the identification of loss scenarios - causal factors that could potentially lead to an accident. We propose an approach that aims to assist engineers in identifying potential loss scenarios that are associated with flawed assumptions about a system's intended operational environment. Our approach combines aspects of STPA with formal modelling and simulation. Currently, we are at a proof-of-concept stage and illustrate the approach using a case study based upon a simple car door locking system. In terms of the formal modelling, we use Extended Logic Programming (ELP) and on the simulation side, we use the CARLA simulator for autonomous driving. We make use of the problem frames approach to requirements engineering to bridge between the informal aspects of STPA and our formal modelling.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
