二维电子流体中黏度的定量测量
Quantitative measurement of viscosity in two-dimensional electron fluids
AI总结：
本研究针对二维电子流体电子黏度难以定量测量的问题，利用Corbino形石墨烯器件的磁阻实现欧姆与黏性输运贡献的分离测量，发现电子散射率随温度线性变化的规律，验证了层析流区理论推测。
摘要：
电子流体力学是一个新兴的框架，它将相互作用电子系统的动力学描述为常规流体。虽然已有多种二维材料中报道了类流体动力学输运的证据，但对核心参数电子黏度进行精确定量测量仍颇具挑战。本研究中，我们证明Corbino形石墨烯器件中的磁阻可同时充当欧姆计/黏度计，即便在混合流区也能分离欧姆贡献和黏性贡献对输运响应的各自影响。最令人意外的是，我们发现在单层和双层石墨烯中，有效电子-电子散射率与温度呈线性标度关系，这与常规费米液体理论预期的T平方依赖关系不符，但与最近发现的层析流区一致，该流区曾被理论推测为二维带电流体的普遍特性。
英文摘要：
Electron hydrodynamics is an emerging framework that describes dynamics of interacting electron systems as conventional fluids. While evidence for hydrodynamic-like transport is reported in a variety of two-dimensional materials, precise quantitative measurement of the core parameter, electron viscosity, remains challenging. In this work, we demonstrate that magnetoresistance in Corbino-shaped graphene devices offers a simultaneous Ohmmeter/viscosometer, allowing us to disentangle the individual Ohmic and viscous contributions to the transport response, even in the mixed flow regime. Most surprising, we find that in both monolayer and bilayer graphene, the effective electron-electron scattering rate scales linearly with temperature, at odds with the expected $T$-squared dependence expected from conventional Fermi liquid theory, but consistent with a recently identified tomographic flow regime, which was theoretically conjectured to be generic for two-dimensional charged fluids.
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