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arXiv 2407.04769astro-ph.HEhep-ph
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二维空间中的中微子量子动力学

Neutrino quantum kinetics in two spatial dimensions

Marie Cornelius, Shashank Shalgar, Irene Tamborra

AI总结:

针对核坍缩超新星和中子星并合内层中微子味转换的球对称局限,本文在(2+1+1)维设置中模拟中微子量子动力学,引入微扰探索涨落影响,发现多维建模对评估中微子作用的重要性。

摘要:

我们对核坍缩超新星和中子星并合最内层区域中微子味转换的理解,大多局限于球对称构型,这类构型便于量子动力学方程的数值求解。本文中,我们在(2+1+1)维设置中模拟中微子量子动力学:在二维空间、一维中微子动量变量和时间维度下,对中微子与物质退耦过程中的味演化进行建模;同时考虑中微子与物质背景的非前向中性流和带电流碰撞,以及中微子平流。为模拟中微子发射和物质背景的涨落并探索其对味演化的影响,我们在哈密顿量的碰撞项和真空项中引入微扰。由于这类微扰,模拟环带中中微子场的初始对称性被破坏,味转换受到定性影响,模拟环带中出现较大味转换区域的交替分布。此外,中微子平流负责在相邻空间区域传播味波。尽管基于简化设置,我们的研究结果强调了在多维中建模中微子量子动力学的重要性,以评估中微子对致密天体物理源物理和核合成的影响。

英文摘要:

Our understanding of neutrino flavor conversion in the innermost regions of core-collapse supernovae and neutron star mergers is mostly limited to spherically symmetric configurations that facilitate the numerical solution of the quantum kinetic equations. In this paper, we simulate neutrino quantum kinetics within a (2+1+1) dimensional setup: we model the flavor evolution during neutrino decoupling from matter in two spatial dimensions, one neutrino momentum variable, and time; taking into account non-forward neutral current and charged current collisions of neutrinos with the matter background, as well as neutrino advection. In order to mimic fluctuations in the neutrino emission and matter background, and explore their effect on the flavor evolution, we introduce perturbations in the collision term as well as in the vacuum term of the Hamiltonian. Because of such perturbations, the initial symmetry of the neutrino field across the simulation annulus is broken and flavor conversion is qualitatively affected, with regions of larger flavor conversion alternating across the simulation annulus. In addition, neutrino advection is responsible for spreading flavor waves across neighboring spatial regions. Although based on a simplified setup, our findings highlight the importance of modeling neutrino quantum kinetics in multi-dimensions to assess the impact of neutrinos on the physics of compact astrophysical sources and nucleosynthesis.

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