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arXiv 2407.04486q-bio.QMcs.AI
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用于编码癌症谱和预测药物反应的变分与可解释神经网络

Variational and Explanatory Neural Networks for Encoding Cancer Profiles and Predicting Drug Responses

George Mason University(乔治梅森大学);Mayo Clinic(梅奥诊所);Argonne National Laboratory(阿贡国家实验室)

Tianshu Feng, Rohan Gnanaolivu, Abolfazl Safikhani, Yuanhang Liu, Jun Jiang, Nicholas Chia, Alexander Partin, Priyanka Vasanthakumari, Yitan Zhu, Chen Wang

AI总结:

本文提出 VETE 神经网络框架,通过变分组件降噪并将基因本体可追溯地融入架构,提升癌细胞系分类和药物反应预测的准确性与生物学可解释性。

摘要:

人类癌症构成了重大的公共卫生挑战,需要通过转化研究发现新药。描述肿瘤和癌细胞系中分子活动的转录组学谱数据被广泛用于预测抗癌药物反应。然而,现有的人工智能模型面临转录组学数据中的噪声和缺乏生物学可解释性等挑战。为克服这些局限,我们提出了 VETE(Variational and Explanatory Transcriptomics Encoder,变分与可解释转录组学编码器),这是一种新型神经网络框架,它引入变分组件以减轻噪声影响,并将可追溯的基因本体整合到神经网络架构中,用于编码癌症转录组学数据。关键创新包括:一种用于识别本体路径的局部可解释性引导方法、一种阐明药物反应生物学机制的可视化工具,以及集中式大规模超参数优化的应用。VETE 在癌细胞系分类和药物反应预测中表现出稳健的准确性。此外,它为这两项任务提供了可追溯的生物学解释,并为其预测背后的机制提供了见解。VETE 弥合了人工智能驱动的预测与癌症研究中具有生物学意义的见解之间的差距,代表了该领域一项有前景的进展。

英文摘要:

Human cancers present a significant public health challenge and require the discovery of novel drugs through translational research. Transcriptomics profiling data that describes molecular activities in tumors and cancer cell lines are widely utilized for predicting anti-cancer drug responses. However, existing AI models face challenges due to noise in transcriptomics data and lack of biological interpretability. To overcome these limitations, we introduce VETE (Variational and Explanatory Transcriptomics Encoder), a novel neural network framework that incorporates a variational component to mitigate noise effects and integrates traceable gene ontology into the neural network architecture for encoding cancer transcriptomics data. Key innovations include a local interpretability-guided method for identifying ontology paths, a visualization tool to elucidate biological mechanisms of drug responses, and the application of centralized large scale hyperparameter optimization. VETE demonstrated robust accuracy in cancer cell line classification and drug response prediction. Additionally, it provided traceable biological explanations for both tasks and offers insights into the mechanisms underlying its predictions. VETE bridges the gap between AI-driven predictions and biologically meaningful insights in cancer research, which represents a promising advancement in the field.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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