利用噪声测温法对小金属样品进行精密量热
Precise Calorimetry of Small Metal Samples Using Noise Thermometry
AI总结：
本文提出一种基于噪声测温的紧凑型量热器，可在中等磁场下测量小金属晶体超低温热容，并在YbRh2Si2上验证了从175 μK到90 mK的高精度测量能力。
摘要：
我们描述了一种紧凑型量热器，它开启了在中等磁场中对小金属晶体进行超低温热容研究的能力。其性能在典型的强关联费米子金属YbRh2Si2上得到了验证。测温由一种快速电流传感噪声温度计提供。这一单一温度计使我们能够覆盖从175 μK到90 mK的广泛感兴趣温度范围，并具有与温度无关的相对精度。温度通过单点校准与国际温标建立联系。围绕样品室的一个超导螺线管提供用于调节样品性质的样品磁场，并操作一个超导热开关。研究中采用了绝热量热法和弛豫量热法两种技术，以及磁场扫描。该量热器的设计使得在所报告的研究中附加热容可以忽略不计。实现样品和温度计热化的关键在于温度测量中没有耗散，以及采取了将进入样品室的寄生热漏降低到数十fW水平的措施。
英文摘要：
We describe a compact calorimeter that opens ultra-low temperature heat capacity studies of small metal crystals in moderate magnetic fields. The performance is demonstrated on the canonical heavy Fermion metal YbRh2Si2. Thermometry is provided by a fast current sensing noise thermometer. This single thermometer enables us to cover a wide temperature range of interest from 175 $μ$K to 90 mK with temperature independent relative precision. Temperatures are tied to the international temperature scale with a single point calibration. A superconducting solenoid surrounding the cell provides the sample field for tuning its properties and operates a superconducting heat switch. Both adiabatic and relaxation calorimetry techniques, as well as magnetic field sweeps, are employed. The design of the calorimeter results in an addendum heat capacity which is negligible for the study reported. The keys to sample and thermometer thermalisation are the lack of dissipation in the temperature measurement and the steps taken to reduce the parasitic heat leak into the cell to the tens of fW level.
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