绝缘体上单晶钛酸钡薄膜中的周期性畴反转
Periodic domain inversion in single crystal barium titanate-on-insulator thin film
AI总结：
本文首次在绝缘体上单晶钛酸钡薄膜中实现电场周期性极化，获得占空比50%、周期2–10 μm的高质量畴结构，为BTO准相位匹配非线性光子器件集成奠定基础。
摘要：
我们报告了首次在实验上实现绝缘体上单晶钛酸钡（BTO，即 BaTiO3）薄膜的电场周期性极化。由于 BTO 具有出色的光学非线性，这一结果是朝着在 BTO 中实现准相位匹配迈出的关键一步。我们首先使用脉冲激光沉积在钪酸镝衬底上生长 BTO 薄膜，并以一层薄钌酸锶随后作为极化用的底电极。我们展示了利用 X 射线衍射和压电响应力显微镜对 BTO 薄膜的表征，清楚地证明了该薄膜的单晶、单畴生长，这为实现所需的周期性极化提供了条件。为研究极化质量，我们同时应用了非破坏性的压电力响应显微镜和破坏性的刻蚀辅助扫描电子显微镜，结果表明实现了高质量、均匀且非瞬态的极化，占空比为 50%，周期范围为 2 μm 至 10 μm。BTO 薄膜中周期性极化的成功实现，释放了在准相位匹配下实现高效非线性过程的潜力，而此前多晶 BTO 薄膜主要依赖效率受限的随机或非相位匹配条件，这一潜力曾显得难以企及；该结果也是迈向 BTO 光子器件集成的关键一步。
英文摘要：
We report experimentally achieving first-ever electric field periodic poling of single crystal barium titanate (BTO, or BaTiO3) thin film on insulator. Owing to the outstanding optical nonlinearities of BTO, this result is a key step towards achieving quasi-phase-matching in BTO. We first grow the BTO thin film on a dysprosium scandate substrate using pulsed laser deposition with a thin layer of strontium ruthenate later serving as the bottom electrode for poling. We present characterization of the BTO thin film using x-ray diffraction and piezo-response force microscopy to clearly demonstrate single crystal, single domain growth of the film which enables the desired periodic poling. To investigate the poling quality, we apply both non-destructive piezo force response microscopy and destructive etching-assisted scanning electron microscopy and we show that high quality, uniform and intransient poling with 50 % duty cycle and periods ranging from 2 μm to 10 μm is achieved. The successful realization of periodic poling in BTO thin film unlocks the potential for highly efficient nonlinear processes under quasi-phase-matching that seemed far-fetched with prior polycrystalline BTO thin films which predominantly relied on efficiency-limited random or non-phase matching conditions and is a key step towards integration of BTO photonic devices.
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