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arXiv 2406.11552astro-ph.HE
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一个系统性选取的高光度、长持续时间、模糊核暂现源样本

A systematically-selected sample of luminous, long-duration, ambiguous nuclear transients

P. Wiseman, R. D. Williams, I. Arcavi, L. Galbany, M. J. Graham, S. Hönig, M. Newsome, B. Subrayan, M. Sullivan, Y. Wang, D. Ilić, M. Nicholl, S. Oates, T. Petr… 展开作者

P. Wiseman, R. D. Williams, I. Arcavi, L. Galbany, M. J. Graham, S. Hönig, M. Newsome, B. Subrayan, M. Sullivan, Y. Wang, D. Ilić, M. Nicholl, S. Oates, T. Petrushevska, K. W. Smith

AI总结:

本研究利用ZTF数据系统性搜索高光度长持续时间模糊核暂现源(ANTs),筛选出11个由超大质量黑洞吸积驱动的ANTs,定义了纯度约50%的筛选标准,并计算其体积速率与潮汐瓦解事件一致。

摘要:

我们提出了一项对高光度、长持续时间模糊核暂现源(ANTs)的搜索,类似于前所未有的极端模糊事件 AT2021lwx 的发现,其上升时间 >150 d,光度为 10^{45.7} erg s^{-1}。我们使用 Lasair 暂现源代理在 Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) 数据中搜索持续时间超过一年并表现出平滑衰减的暂现源。我们的搜索返回了 59 个事件,其中 7 个被分类为 ANTs,假定由超大质量黑洞上的吸积驱动。我们提出其余 52 个是常规超大质量黑洞吸积的随机变率,而不是独特的暂现源。我们用 ZTF 中未能通过光变曲线选择但具有清晰单次耀发且光谱不像典型 AGN 的三个核暂现源补充了这 7 个 ANTs。所有这 11 个 ANTs 都有来自假定尘埃回声的中红外耀发,暗示了在产生 ANTs 的黑洞周围尘埃的普遍性。没有事件比 AT2021lwx 更亮,但有一个 (ZTF19aamrjar) 持续时间是其两倍且总能量释放更高。在另一极端,ZTF20abodaps 达到接近 AT2021lwx 的光度,上升时间 <20 d 并在 >600 d 内平滑衰减。我们定义了上升时间与耀发振幅空间的一部分,以约 50% 的纯度筛选出 ANTs 以对抗变活动星系核。我们计算了体积速率 >= 3x10^{-11} Mpc^{-1} yr^{-1},与事件由中等和大质量恒星潮汐瓦解造成一致。

英文摘要:

We present a search for luminous, long-duration ambiguous nuclear transients (ANTs) similar to the unprecedented discovery of the extreme, ambiguous event AT2021lwx with a $>150$\,d rise time and luminosity $10^{45.7}$\,erg\,s$^{-1}$. We use the Lasair transient broker to search Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) data for transients lasting more than one year and exhibiting smooth declines. Our search returns 59 events, seven of which we classify as ANTs assumed to be driven by accretion onto supermassive black holes. We propose the remaining 52 are stochastic variability from regular supermassive black hole accretion rather than distinct transients. We supplement the seven ANTs with three nuclear transients in ZTF that fail the light curve selection but have clear single flares and spectra that do not resemble typical AGN. All of these 11 ANTs have a mid-infrared flare from an assumed dust echo, implying the ubiquity of dust around the black holes giving rise to ANTs. No events are more luminous than AT2021lwx, but one (ZTF19aamrjar) has twice the duration and a higher integrated energy release. On the other extreme, ZTF20abodaps reaches a luminosity close to AT2021lwx with a rise time $<20$\,d and that fades smoothly in $>600$\,d. We define a portion of rise-time versus flare amplitude space that selects ANTs with $\sim50$ per cent purity against variable active galactic nuclei. We calculate a volumetric rate of $\gtrsim 3\times10^{-11}$\,Mpc$^{-1}$\,yr$^{-1}$, consistent with the events being caused by tidal disruptions of intermediate and high-mass stars.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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