热木星WASP-43b轨道相位分辨JWST/MIRI发射光谱的同时反演：水、氨和一氧化碳的证据
Simultaneous retrieval of orbital phase resolved JWST/MIRI emission spectra of the hot Jupiter WASP-43b: evidence of water, ammonia and carbon monoxide
AI总结：
基于JWST/MIRI观测的热木星WASP-43b四相位发射光谱，采用2D温度模型同时反演大气成分丰度，首次发现氨的显著证据并精确约束了金属丰度与C/O比。
摘要：
热木星的光谱相位曲线在多个轨道相位测量其发射光谱，从而能够详细表征其大气。对这些系外行星大气成分的精确约束提供了关于其形成和演化的见解。我们分析了热木星WASP-43b的四个相位分辨发射光谱，这些光谱由JWST上MIRI/LRS观测的相位曲线生成，以反演其大气性质。使用参数化2D温度模型并假设观测压力区域内大气化学均匀，我们同时拟合四个光谱以约束大气成分的丰度，从而产生了比独立分析每个光谱的先前工作更精确的约束。我们的分析首次揭示了热木星发射光谱中NH3（4$\sigma$）的统计显著证据，以及H2O（6.5$\sigma$）、CO（3.1$\sigma$）的证据，未探测到CH4。基于丰度约束，我们初步估计WASP-43b的金属丰度为0.6-1.8$\times$太阳，C/O比为0.6-1.0。我们的发现通过同时约束碳、氧和含氮物种的丰度，为WASP-43b的大气条件和形成历史提供了重要见解
英文摘要：
Spectroscopic phase curves of hot Jupiters measure their emission spectra at multiple orbital phases, thus enabling detailed characterisation of their atmospheres. Precise constraints on the atmospheric composition of these exoplanets offer insights into their formation and evolution. We analyse four phase-resolved emission spectra of the hot Jupiter WASP-43b, generated from a phase curve observed with the MIRI/LRS onboard the JWST, to retrieve its atmospheric properties. Using a parametric 2D temperature model and assuming a chemically homogeneous atmosphere within the observed pressure region, we simultaneously fit the four spectra to constrain the abundances of atmospheric constituents, thereby yielding more precise constraints than previous work that analysed each spectrum independently. Our analysis reveals statistically significant evidence of NH3 (4$σ$) in a hot Jupiter's emission spectra for the first time, along with evidence of H2O (6.5$σ$), CO (3.1$σ$), and a non-detection of CH4. With our abundance constraints, we tentatively estimate the metallicity of WASP-43b at 0.6-6.5$\times$solar and its C/O ratio at 0.6-0.9. Our findings offer vital insights into the atmospheric conditions and formation history of WASP-43b by simultaneously constraining the abundances of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen-bearing species.
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