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arXiv 2406.03328quant-phphysics.app-ph
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利用现成硅芯片进行量子计算

Leveraging Off-the-Shelf Silicon Chips for Quantum Computing

John Michniewicz, M. S. Kim

AI总结:

本文探讨了利用现成商业晶体管作为量子点宿主实现半导体量子比特的可行性与挑战,提出了结合电荷传感读取与电子穿梭连接等方法,并展望了2D阵列等先进设计以推动量子计算的普及。

摘要:

各行各业对量子计算的需求日益增长,包括金融、材料以及化学反应研究。一种极具前景的实现方案是利用晶体管内量子点的半导体量子比特。尽管学术研究实验室目前自行制造器件,但扩展这一过程极具挑战,需要专业知识,且产出的器件质量参差不齐。一些项目正在探索使用商业晶体管,为研究人员提供可扩展性、更高的质量、经济性及易用性。本文深入探讨了采用现成商业器件构建量子比特的潜在实现与可行性。探讨了噪声、相干性、大型工业晶圆厂中有限的可定制性以及可扩展性等挑战。探索内容包括讨论早期小型量子比特芯片的潜在制造方法。研究了将最先进的晶体管作为量子点宿主,结合基于电荷传感或反射测量法的读取技术,以及用于量子比特连接的电子穿梭等方法。此外,为实现普及的量子计算,还考虑了包括2D阵列和交叉开关或DRAM式访问阵列在内的更先进设计。

英文摘要:

There is a growing demand for quantum computing across various sectors, including finance, materials and studying chemical reactions. A promising implementation involves semiconductor qubits utilizing quantum dots within transistors. While academic research labs currently produce their own devices, scaling this process is challenging, requires expertise, and results in devices of varying quality. Some initiatives are exploring the use of commercial transistors, offering scalability, improved quality, affordability, and accessibility for researchers. This paper delves into potential realizations and the feasibility of employing off-the-shelf commercial devices for qubits. It addresses challenges such as noise, coherence, limited customizability in large industrial fabs, and scalability issues. The exploration includes discussions on potential manufacturing approaches for early versions of small qubit chips. The use of state-of-the-art transistors as hosts for quantum dots, incorporating readout techniques based on charge sensing or reflectometry, and methods like electron shuttling for qubit connectivity are examined. Additionally, more advanced designs, including 2D arrays and crossbar or DRAM-like access arrays, are considered for the path toward accessible quantum computing.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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