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arXiv 2406.01673astro-ph.GA
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ALMA揭示宇宙正午时期的一个尘埃遮蔽星系并合

ALMA reveals a dust-obscured galaxy merger at Cosmic Noon

I. Langan, G. Popping, M. Ginolfi, F. Gentile, F. Valentino, M. Kaasinen

AI总结:

本研究利用ALMA观测偶然发现并表征了z=1.17处一个此前被误分类的尘埃遮蔽星系并合,揭示了其高恒星形成率等重子性质,强调了毫米波观测在识别此类并合中的关键作用。

摘要:

星系并合在星系演化中起着关键作用——它会改变星系的大小、形态、动力学和组成。迄今为止,星系并合大多是通过目视检查其静止系光学和近红外发射来识别的。然而,尘埃会遮蔽这些发射,导致并合被误分类为单个星系,并对其重子性质做出错误解释。在偶然发现一个位于z = 1.17的尘埃遮蔽星系并合后,我们旨在确定这两个并合星系的重子性质,包括恒星形成率,以及恒星、分子气体和尘埃质量。利用阿塔卡马大型毫米波/亚毫米波阵列(ALMA)的Band 3和Band 6观测及辅助数据,我们研究了这个此前被误分类的并合的形态。我们对发射进行解混,从CO观测中推导气体质量,并对光谱能量分布进行建模,以确定每个星系的性质。利用ALMA CO(2-1)、CO(5-4)和尘埃连续谱(静止系520um)观测的罕见组合,我们深入了解了每个并合组分的气体和尘埃含量及星际介质(ISM)性质。我们发现,两个星系中仅有一个受到高度尘埃遮蔽,而两者都是大质量的(> 10^10.5 Msun)、具有高恒星形成率(SFR = 60-900Msun/yr)、具有中等到偏低的消耗时间(tdepl < 0.7Gyr)和高气体比例(fgas >= 1)。这些性质可以解释为并合的积极影响。通过这一偶然发现,我们强调了(亚)毫米波观测在识别和表征遮蔽星系并合的各个组分方面的能力。

英文摘要:

Galaxy mergers play a critical role in galaxy evolution - altering the size, morphology, dynamics and composition of galaxies. So far, galaxy mergers have mostly been identified through visual inspection of their rest-frame optical and NIR emission. But, dust can obscure this emission, resulting in the misclassification of mergers as single galaxies, and the incorrect interpretation of their baryonic properties. Having serendipitously discovered a dust-obscured galaxy merger at z = 1.17, we aim to determine the baryonic properties of the two merging galaxies, including the star formation rate, and stellar, molecular gas, and dust masses. Using Band 3 and 6 observations from the Atacama Large Millimeter and submillimeter Array (ALMA), and ancillary data, we study the morphology of this previously misclassified merger. We deblend the emission, derive the gas masses from CO observations, and model the spectral energy distributions, to determine the properties of each galaxy. Using the rare combination of ALMA CO(2-1), CO(5-4) and dust-continuum (rest-frame 520um) observations, we provide insights into the gas and dust content and ISM properties of each merger component. We find that only one of the two galaxies is highly dust-obscured, whereas both are massive (> 10^10.5 Msun), highly star-forming (SFR = 60-900Msun/yr), have a moderate-to-low depletion time (tdepl < 0.7Gyr) and high gas fraction ( fgas >= 1). These properties can be interpreted as the positive impact of the merger. With this serendipitous discovery, we highlight the power of (sub)millimeter observations to identify and characterise the individual components of obscured galaxy mergers.

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