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arXiv 2404.10596astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR
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孤立双星演化形成 GW230529

Formation of GW230529 from Isolated Binary Evolution

Jin-Ping Zhu, Rui-Chong Hu, Yacheng Kang, Bing Zhang, Hui Tong, Lijing Shao, Ying Qin

AI总结:

本文通过孤立双星演化渠道和星族合成模拟解释 GW230529 质量间隙黑洞-中子星并合的形成,并预测其千新星可被现有及未来巡天探测,表明 BHNS 并合仍是重要的多信使源。

摘要:

在这篇《快报》中,我们探索了引力波事件 GW230529 中探测到的质量间隙黑洞-中子星(mgBHNS)并合的形成,该事件来自孤立双星演化渠道,并研究了其电磁对应体的潜在特征。通过采用“延迟”超新星假设和合理的模型实现,我们的星族合成模拟结果能够同时匹配由星族分析推断的 mgBHNS 和总 BHNS 并合的率密度,以及 LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA 合作组报告的 BHNS 并合中黑洞质量的星族分布。由于 GW230529 对推断的 mgBHNS 率密度有显著贡献,我们认为 GW230529 可以通过孤立双星演化渠道来解释。考虑 AP4(DD2)状态方程,GW230529 能够产生潮汐瓦解的概率为 12.8%(63.2%)。如果 GW230529 是一个潮汐瓦解事件,其千新星峰值视星等预计约为 23-24 等,因此可以被现有的巡天项目和 LSST 探测到。由于根据引力波观测推断 GW230529 可能是一个离轴事件,其关联的伽马射线暴(GRB)可能太暗而无法被 γ 射线探测器观测到,这解释了缺乏 GRB 观测的现象。我们的研究表明,由于 GW230529 的发现,存在通过孤立双星演化渠道形成的 mgBHNS 并合,表明 BHNS 并合仍然可能是发射引力波、GRB 和千新星的多信使源。尽管 mgBHNS 并合约占宇宙学 BHNS 星族的 50%,但我们发现预计超过 90% 的潮汐瓦解 BHNS 并合源自 mgBHNS 并合。

英文摘要:

In this {\em{Letter}}, we explore the formation of the mass-gap black hole-neutron star (mgBHNS) merger detected in gravitational wave (GW) event, i.e., GW230529, from the isolated binary evolution channel, and study potential signatures of its electromagnetic counterparts. By adopting the `delayed' supernova prescription and reasonable model realizations, our population synthesis simulation results can simultaneously match the rate densities of mgBHNS and total BHNS mergers inferred from the population analyses, along with the population distribution of the BH mass in BHNS mergers reported by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration. Because GW230529 contributes significantly to the inferred mgBHNS rate densities, we suggest that GW230529 can be explained through the isolated binary evolution channel. Considering the AP4 (DD2) equation of state, the probability that GW230529 can make tidal disruption is $12.8\%$ ($63.2\%$). If GW230529 is a disrupted event, its kilonova peak apparent magnitude is predicted $\sim23-24\,{\rm{mag}}$, and hence, can be detected by the present survey projects and LSST. Since GW230529 could be an off-axis event inferred from the GW observation, its associated gamma-ray burst (GRB) might be too dim to be observed by $γ$-ray detectors, interpreting the lack of GRB observations. Our study suggests the existence of mgBHNS mergers formed through the isolated binary evolution channel due to the discovery of GW230529, indicating that BHNS mergers are still likely to be multimessenger sources that emit GWs, GRBs, and kilonovae. Although mgBHNS mergers account for $\sim50\%$ cosmological BHNS population, we find that $\gtrsim90\%$ disrupted BHNS mergers are expected to originate from mgBHNS mergers.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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