arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2404.04899physics.opticsphysics.app-ph
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光子时间晶体:理论与应用

Photonic time crystals: Theory and applications

M. M. Asgari, P. Garg, X. Wang, M. S. Mirmoosa, C. Rockstuhl, V. Asadchy

AI总结:

本教程全面概述光子时间晶体的理论与应用,介绍其动量带隙等特性、支配方程、物理现象、应用场景及材料平台,阐述其波放大与参量放大的联系,为初学者和研究者提供参考。

摘要:

本教程全面概述了光子时间晶体——一种人工材料,其电磁特性在时间上以与光振荡周期相当的尺度周期性调制,同时保持空间均匀性。作为传统光子晶体的时间类似物,光子时间晶体的不同之处在于它们表现出动量带隙而非能量带隙。动量带隙内能量不守恒,且存在振幅呈指数增长的本征模。从基础科学和应用角度来看,这些特性使光子时间晶体成为一类极具吸引力的新型人工材料。本教程概述了支配光子时间晶体的基本电磁方程,并探讨了它们所支持的突破性物理现象。基于这些特性,我们还综述了它们所开启的多种应用。讨论并比较了适合创建光子时间晶体的不同材料平台。此外,我们详细阐述了光子时间晶体中的波放大与电路及非线性光学中的参量放大机制之间的联系。本教程对具有物理或工程背景的读者有帮助,旨在作为初学者的入门指南,并为该领域的研究人员建立反映当前理解的参考基准。

英文摘要:

This tutorial offers a comprehensive overview of photonic time crystals - artificial materials whose electromagnetic properties are periodically modulated in time at scales comparable to the oscillation period of light while remaining spatially uniform. Being the temporal analogs to traditional photonic crystals, photonic time crystals differ in that they exhibit momentum bandgaps instead of energy bandgaps. The energy is not conserved within momentum bandgaps, and eigenmodes with exponentially growing amplitudes exist in the momentum bandgap. Such properties make photonic time crystals a fascinating novel class of artificial materials from a basic science and applied perspective. This tutorial overviews the fundamental electromagnetic equations governing photonic time crystals and explores the groundbreaking physical phenomena they support. Based on these properties, we also oversee a diverse range of applications they unlock. Different material platforms suitable for creating photonic time crystals are discussed and compared. Furthermore, we elaborate on the connections between wave amplification in photonic time crystals and parametric amplification mechanisms in electrical circuits and nonlinear optics. The tutorial will be helpful for readers with physics or engineering backgrounds. It is designed to serve as an introductory guide for beginners and to establish a reference baseline reflecting the current understanding for researchers in the field.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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