保护语音隐私：利用近超声干扰防范未经授权的音频录制
Safeguarding Voice Privacy: Harnessing Near-Ultrasonic Interference To Protect Against Unauthorized Audio Recording
AI总结：
针对语音激活设备的ASR易受近超声干扰问题，论文分析MEMS麦克风解调16–22 kHz信号导致识别失效的漏洞，并提出将其用于阻止非法录音和窃听的隐私保护思路。
摘要：
语音激活系统的广泛采用改变了日常人机交互，但也带来了新的漏洞。本文研究这些系统中的自动语音识别（ASR）算法对近超声噪声干扰的易感性。先前研究已经证明，近超声频率（16 kHz–22 kHz）能够利用微机电系统（MEMS）麦克风的固有特性；在此基础上，本研究探索利用这种干扰现象实施隐私保护的替代手段。我们揭示了现代语音激活设备中最常用麦克风的一个严重漏洞：这些麦克风会无意中将近超声频率解调进入可听频谱，从而扰乱ASR过程。通过系统分析近超声噪声对多种ASR系统的影响，我们证明该漏洞在不同设备以及广播距离、特定音素结构等变化条件下均稳定存在。研究结果表明，需要开发强有力的对策，以保护语音激活系统免受该漏洞的恶意利用。此外，我们还探索了这一现象在通过干扰未经授权的音频录制或窃听来增强隐私方面的潜在应用。本研究强调，必须采用综合方法保障语音激活系统安全，将技术创新、负责任的开发实践和知情的政策决策相结合，以在日益互联的世界中确保用户隐私与安全。
英文摘要：
The widespread adoption of voice-activated systems has modified routine human-machine interaction but has also introduced new vulnerabilities. This paper investigates the susceptibility of automatic speech recognition (ASR) algorithms in these systems to interference from near-ultrasonic noise. Building upon prior research that demonstrated the ability of near-ultrasonic frequencies (16 kHz - 22 kHz) to exploit the inherent properties of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) microphones, our study explores alternative privacy enforcement means using this interference phenomenon. We expose a critical vulnerability in the most common microphones used in modern voice-activated devices, which inadvertently demodulate near-ultrasonic frequencies into the audible spectrum, disrupting the ASR process. Through a systematic analysis of the impact of near-ultrasonic noise on various ASR systems, we demonstrate that this vulnerability is consistent across different devices and under varying conditions, such as broadcast distance and specific phoneme structures. Our findings highlight the need to develop robust countermeasures to protect voice-activated systems from malicious exploitation of this vulnerability. Furthermore, we explore the potential applications of this phenomenon in enhancing privacy by disrupting unauthorized audio recording or eavesdropping. This research underscores the importance of a comprehensive approach to securing voice-activated systems, combining technological innovation, responsible development practices, and informed policy decisions to ensure the privacy and security of users in an increasingly connected world.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
