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arXiv 2404.00528cs.LG
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用于改进作物模型模拟的生成式天气

Generative weather for improved crop model simulations

School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide(阿德莱德大学农业、食品与葡萄酒学院)

Yuji Saikai

AI总结:

本文提出一种构建长期天气预报生成模型的新方法,以改进作物产量预测,并在小麦、大麦和油菜的单年及三年轮作场景中显著优于常规方法。

摘要:

准确且精确的作物产量预测对于农场层面和区域层面的决策都具有不可估量的价值。为了进行产量预测,作物模型因其模拟假设情景的能力而被广泛使用。虽然产量预测的准确性和精确性关键取决于输入到模拟中的天气数据,但令人惊讶的是,人们对准备天气输入数据的关注却很少。我们提出了一种新方法,用于构建长期天气预报的生成模型,并最终改进作物产量预测。我们展示了该方法在两个代表性场景中的应用——小麦、大麦和油菜的单年生产,以及使用这些作物轮作的三年生产。结果表明,与常规方法相比,该方法在预测误差的均值和标准差方面有显著改进。我们的方法在第一个场景的全部18项指标中均优于常规方法,在第二个场景的36项指标中有29项优于常规方法。为了让个体作物建模者能够开始将该方法应用于他们的问题,我们仔细解释了技术细节,并公开了所有代码、训练好的PyTorch模型、APSIM模拟文件和结果数据。

英文摘要:

Accurate and precise crop yield prediction is invaluable for decision making at both farm levels and regional levels. To make yield prediction, crop models are widely used for their capability to simulate hypothetical scenarios. While accuracy and precision of yield prediction critically depend on weather inputs to simulations, surprisingly little attention has been paid to preparing weather inputs. We propose a new method to construct generative models for long-term weather forecasts and ultimately improve crop yield prediction. We demonstrate use of the method in two representative scenarios -- single-year production of wheat, barley and canola and three-year production using rotations of these crops. Results show significant improvement from the conventional method, measured in terms of mean and standard deviation of prediction errors. Our method outperformed the conventional method in every one of 18 metrics for the first scenario and in 29 out of 36 metrics for the second scenario. For individual crop modellers to start applying the method to their problems, technical details are carefully explained, and all the code, trained PyTorch models, APSIM simulation files and result data are made available.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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