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arXiv 2403.18643cs.RO
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面向三维赛道自动驾驶的基于采样的运动规划与在线赛车线生成

Sampling-Based Motion Planning with Online Racing Line Generation for Autonomous Driving on Three-Dimensional Race Tracks

Technical University of Munich(慕尼黑工业大学)

Levent Ögretmen, Matthias Rowold, Alexander Langmann, Boris Lohmann

AI总结:

提出一种基于采样的局部轨迹规划方法,结合在线赛车线生成,在复杂三维赛道上保持赛车线圈速并提升动态极限利用率,显著降低多车场景下的圈速。

摘要:

现有的自动驾驶赛车轨迹规划方法采用基于采样的方法,生成大量jerk最优轨迹,并根据惩罚偏离离线计算赛车线的代价函数,选择最有利的可行轨迹。尽管在椭圆赛道上取得成功,但由于jerk最优边的简单几何形状无法捕捉赛车线的复杂性,这些方法在复杂赛道上存在局限性。此外,它们仅考虑二维赛道,可能忽略或超越实际动态潜力。本文提出一种基于采样的局部轨迹规划方法,可在复杂赛道上保持赛车线的圈速,并考虑赛道的三维效应。仿真实验表明,与现有方法相比,该方法实现了更低的圈速和更好的动态极限利用率。我们还研究了在线赛车线生成的影响,该方法从当前车辆状态在有限空间范围内规划时间最优解,与离线计算的闭合赛车线形成对比。结果表明,将基于采样的规划器与在线赛车线生成相结合,可显著降低多车场景下的圈速。

英文摘要:

Existing approaches to trajectory planning for autonomous racing employ sampling-based methods, generating numerous jerk-optimal trajectories and selecting the most favorable feasible trajectory based on a cost function penalizing deviations from an offline-calculated racing line. While successful on oval tracks, these methods face limitations on complex circuits due to the simplistic geometry of jerk-optimal edges failing to capture the complexity of the racing line. Additionally, they only consider two-dimensional tracks, potentially neglecting or surpassing the actual dynamic potential. In this paper, we present a sampling-based local trajectory planning approach for autonomous racing that can maintain the lap time of the racing line even on complex race tracks and consider the race track's three-dimensional effects. In simulative experiments, we demonstrate that our approach achieves lower lap times and improved utilization of dynamic limits compared to existing approaches. We also investigate the impact of online racing line generation, in which the time-optimal solution is planned from the current vehicle state for a limited spatial horizon, in contrast to a closed racing line calculated offline. We show that combining the sampling-based planner with the online racing line generation can significantly reduce lap times in multi-vehicle scenarios.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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