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arXiv 2403.16624math.AP
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分数阶 $p$-Laplacian 的稳定解与极值解

Stable solution and extremal solution for fractional $p$-Laplacian

Weimin Zhang

AI总结:

本文研究分数阶 $p$-Laplacian 方程,提出稳定解概念,借助 Kato 型不等式和 $L^r$ 估计,证明极值参数存在及极值函数的正则性。

摘要:

据我们所知,本文首次尝试研究分数阶 $p$-Laplacian 方程的存在性问题:$(-Δ)_p^s u=λf(u)$,在 $Ω$ 内 $u>0$;在 $\mathbb{R}^N\setminusΩ$ 中 $u=0$,其中 $p>1$、$s\in(0,1)$、$λ>0$,且 $Ω$ 是具有 $C^{1,1}$ 边界的有界区域。我们首先提出稳定解的概念,随后证明:当 $f$ 属于 $C^1$ 类、单调不减,并满足 $f(0)>0$ 以及 $\lim_{t\to\infty}\frac{f(t)}{t^{p-1}}=\infty$ 时,存在极值参数 $λ^*\in(0,\infty)$,使得当 $λ\in(0,λ^*)$ 时存在有界极小解 $u_λ\in W_0^{s,p}(Ω)$,而当 $λ>λ^*$ 时不存在有界解。此外,若再假设 $f(t)^{\frac{1}{p-1}}$ 为凸函数,则当 $λ>λ^*$ 时不存在 $W_0^{s,p}(Ω)$ 解。为处理这些问题,我们证明了分数阶 $p$-Laplacian 的 Kato 型不等式。我们还证明了方程 $(-Δ)_p^su=g$ 的 $L^r$ 估计,其中 $g\in W_0^{s,p}(Ω)^*\cap L^q(Ω)$、$q\geq1$,尤其针对 $q\leq\frac{N}{sp}$。我们认为这些一般性结果本身具有独立价值。最后,利用极小解 $u_λ$ 的稳定性,在关于 $f$ 的多项式增长或凸性假设下,我们证明在所有维度中极值函数 $u_*=\lim_{λ\toλ^*}u_λ$ 都属于 $W_0^{s,p}(Ω)$,并且在某些低维情形下 $u^*\in L^\infty(Ω)$。

英文摘要:

To our knowledge, this paper is the first attempt to consider the existence issue for fractional $p$-Laplacian equation: $(-Δ)_p^s u= λf(u),\; u> 0 ~\text{in}~Ω;\; u=0\;\text{in}~ \mathbb{R}^N\setminusΩ$, where $p>1$, $s\in (0,1)$, $λ>0$ and $Ω$ is a bounded domain with $C^{1, 1}$ boundary. We first propose a notion of stable solution, then we prove that when $f$ is of class $C^1$, nondecreasing and satisfying $f(0)>0$ and $\underset{t\to \infty}{\lim}\frac{f(t)}{t^{p-1}}=\infty$, there exists an extremal parameter $λ^*\in (0, \infty)$ such that a bounded minimal solution $u_λ\in W_0^{s,p}(Ω)$ exists if $λ\in (0, λ^*)$, and no bounded solution exists if $λ>λ^*$. Moreover, no $W_0^{s,p}(Ω)$ solution exists for $λ> λ^*$ if in addition $f(t)^{\frac{1}{p-1}}$ is convex. To handle our problems, we show a Kato-type inequality for fractional $p$-Laplacian. We show also $L^r$ estimates for the equation $(-Δ)_p^su=g$ with $g\in W_0^{s, p}(Ω)^*\cap L^q(Ω)$ for $q \geq 1$, especially for $q \le \frac{N}{sp}$. We believe that these general results have their own interests. Finally, using the stability of minimal solutions $u_λ$, under the polynomial growth or convexity assumption on $f$, we show that the extremal function $u_* =\lim_{λ\toλ^*}u_λ\in W_0^{s,p}(Ω)$ in all dimensions, and $u^*\in L^{\infty}(Ω)$ in some low dimensional cases.

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