arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2403.14636cs.CYcs.AIcs.HC
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实践中的AI公平性

AI Fairness in Practice

David Leslie, Cami Rincon, Morgan Briggs, Antonella Perini, Smera Jayadeva, Ann Borda, SJ Bennett, Christopher Burr, Mhairi Aitken, Michael Katell, Claudia Fisc… 展开作者

David Leslie, Cami Rincon, Morgan Briggs, Antonella Perini, Smera Jayadeva, Ann Borda, SJ Bennett, Christopher Burr, Mhairi Aitken, Michael Katell, Claudia Fischer, Janis Wong, Ismael Kherroubi Garcia

AI总结:

本工作手册探讨基于情境和以社会为中心的方法,帮助项目团队在AI项目工作流中识别、缓解和管理不公平偏见与歧视,将AI公平性原则付诸实践。

摘要:

就一个被普遍接受的AI公平性定义达成共识,长期以来一直是AI伦理和治理中的核心挑战。社会对公平性的含义以及如何最好地将其付诸实践存在广泛的观点。在本工作手册中,我们通过探索基于情境和以社会为中心的方法来理解AI公平性,探讨该方法如何帮助项目团队更好地识别、缓解和管理不公平偏见和歧视在AI项目工作流中出现的多种方式。我们首先探讨了尽管对公平性的理解存在多样性,但平等和不歧视的优先事项如何构成了其作为实用原则的广泛应用核心。我们重点关注这些优先事项如何表现为免受直接和间接歧视以及歧视性骚扰的平等保护。这些要素构成了伦理和法律标准,基于这些标准,可以在AI项目工作流中识别和缓解不公平偏见和歧视的实例。然后,我们深入探讨了AI项目生命周期的不同背景如何引发不同的公平性问题。这使我们能够识别几种类型的AI公平性(数据公平性、应用公平性、模型设计与开发公平性、基于指标的公平性、系统实现公平性和生态系统公平性),它们构成了偏见识别、缓解和管理的多维度方法的基础。在此基础上,我们讨论了如何通过偏见自我评估和偏见风险管理,以及在公平性立场声明中记录基于指标的公平性标准,将AI公平性原则在AI项目工作流中付诸实践。

英文摘要:

Reaching consensus on a commonly accepted definition of AI Fairness has long been a central challenge in AI ethics and governance. There is a broad spectrum of views across society on what the concept of fairness means and how it should best be put to practice. In this workbook, we tackle this challenge by exploring how a context-based and society-centred approach to understanding AI Fairness can help project teams better identify, mitigate, and manage the many ways that unfair bias and discrimination can crop up across the AI project workflow. We begin by exploring how, despite the plurality of understandings about the meaning of fairness, priorities of equality and non-discrimination have come to constitute the broadly accepted core of its application as a practical principle. We focus on how these priorities manifest in the form of equal protection from direct and indirect discrimination and from discriminatory harassment. These elements form ethical and legal criteria based upon which instances of unfair bias and discrimination can be identified and mitigated across the AI project workflow. We then take a deeper dive into how the different contexts of the AI project lifecycle give rise to different fairness concerns. This allows us to identify several types of AI Fairness (Data Fairness, Application Fairness, Model Design and Development Fairness, Metric-Based Fairness, System Implementation Fairness, and Ecosystem Fairness) that form the basis of a multi-lens approach to bias identification, mitigation, and management. Building on this, we discuss how to put the principle of AI Fairness into practice across the AI project workflow through Bias Self-Assessment and Bias Risk Management as well as through the documentation of metric-based fairness criteria in a Fairness Position Statement.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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